Microbiota in the oral cavity of school-age children with HIV who started antiretroviral therapy at young ages in South Africa.
AIDS
; 37(10): 1583-1591, 2023 08 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37199568
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Infancy is an important developmental period when the microbiome is shaped. We hypothesized that earlier antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation would attenuate HIV effects on microbiota in the mouth.METHODS:
Oral swabs were collected from 477 children with HIV (CWH) and 123 children without (controls) at two sites in Johannesburg, South Africa. CWH had started ART less than 3âyears of age; 63% less than 6âmonths of age. Most were well controlled on ART at median age 11âyears when the swab was collected. Controls were age-matched and recruited from the same communities. Sequencing of V4 amplicon of 16S rRNA was done. Differences in microbial diversity and relative abundances of taxa were compared between the groups.RESULTS:
CWH had lower alpha diversity than controls. Genus-level abundances of Granulicatella, Streptococcus, and Gemella were greater and Neisseria and Haemophilus less abundant among CWH than controls. Associations were stronger among boys. Associations were not attenuated with earlier ART initiation. Shifts in genus-level taxa abundances in CWH relative to controls were most marked in children on lopinavir/ritonavir regimens, with fewer shifts seen if on efavirenz ART regimens.CONCLUSION:
A distinct profile of less diverse oral bacterial taxa was observed in school-aged CWH on ART compared with uninfected controls suggesting modulation of microbiota in the mouth by HIV and/or its treatments. Earlier ART initiation was not associated with microbiota profile. Proximal factors, including current ART regimen, were associated with contemporaneous profile of oral microbiota and may have masked associations with distal factors such as age at ART initiation.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Contexto en salud:
2_ODS3
Problema de salud:
2_enfermedades_transmissibles
Asunto principal:
Infecciones por VIH
/
Microbiota
Límite:
Child
/
Humans
/
Male
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
AIDS
Asunto de la revista:
SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS)
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article