Cortico-muscular coherence and brain networks in familial adult myoclonic epilepsy and progressive myoclonic epilepsy.

OBJECTIVE: Familial Adult Myoclonic Epilepsy (FAME) presents with action-activated myoclonus, often associated with epilepsy, sharing various features with Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy (PMEs), but with slower course and limited motor disability. We aimed our study to identify measures suitable to explain the different severity of FAME2 compared to EPM1, the most common PME, and to detect the signature of the distinctive brain networks. METHODS: We analyzed the EEG-EMG coherence (CMC) during segmental motor activity and indexes of connectivity in the two patient groups, and in healthy subjects (HS). We also investigated the regional and global properties of the network. RESULTS: In FAME2, differently from EPM1, we found a well-localized distribution of beta-CMC and increased betweenness-centrality (BC) on the sensorimotor region contralateral to the activated hand. In both patient groups, compared to HS, there was a decline in the network connectivity indexes in the beta and gamma band, which was more obvious in FAME2. CONCLUSIONS: In FAME2, better localized CMC and increased BC in comparison with EPM1 patients could counteract the severity and the spreading of the myoclonus. Decreased indexes of cortical integration were more severe in FAME2. SIGNIFICANCE: Our measures correlated with different motor disabilities and identified distinctive brain network impairments.