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Humoral immune responses associated with control of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in a vaccinated US military population.
Gromowski, Gregory D; Cincotta, Camila Macedo; Mayer, Sandra; King, Jocelyn; Swafford, Isabella; McCracken, Michael K; Coleman, Dante; Enoch, Jennifer; Storme, Casey; Darden, Janice; Peel, Sheila; Epperson, Diane; McKee, Kelly; Currier, Jeffrey R; Okulicz, Jason; Paquin-Proulx, Dominic; Cowden, Jessica; Peachman, Kristina.
Afiliación
  • Gromowski GD; Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA. Electronic address: gregory.d.gromowski.civ@health.mil.
  • Cincotta CM; Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
  • Mayer S; Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA; Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • King J; Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA; Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Swafford I; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • McCracken MK; Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Coleman D; Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
  • Enoch J; Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
  • Storme C; Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
  • Darden J; Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Peel S; Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Epperson D; Booz Allen Hamilton, McLean, VA, USA; Enabling Biotechnologies, Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense, Frederick, MD, USA.
  • McKee K; Allucent, Houston, TX, USA.
  • Currier JR; Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Okulicz J; Department of Infectious Disease, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
  • Paquin-Proulx D; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Cowden J; Enabling Biotechnologies, Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense, Frederick, MD, USA; Department of Retrovirology, U.S. Army Medical Directorate-Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address: jessica.cowd
  • Peachman K; Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
EBioMedicine ; 94: 104683, 2023 Aug.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37413891
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

COVID-19 vaccines have been critical for protection against severe disease following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) but gaps remain in our understanding of the immune responses that contribute to controlling subclinical and mild infections.

METHODS:

Vaccinated, active-duty US military service members were enrolled in a non-interventional, minimal-risk, observational study starting in May, 2021. Clinical data, serum, and saliva samples were collected from study participants and were used to characterise the humoral immune responses to vaccination and to assess its impact on clinical and subclinical infections, as well as virologic outcomes of breakthrough infections (BTI) including viral load and infection duration.

FINDINGS:

The majority of VIRAMP participants had received the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine and by January, 2022, N = 149 had a BTI. The median BTI duration (PCR+ days) was 4 days and the interquartile range was 1-8 days. Participants that were nucleocapsid seropositive prior to their BTI had significantly higher levels of binding and functional antibodies to the spike protein, shorter median duration of infections, and lower median peak viral loads compared to seronegative participants. Furthermore, levels of neutralising antibody, ACE2 blocking activity, and spike-specific IgA measured prior to BTI also correlated with the duration of infection.

INTERPRETATION:

We extended previous findings and demonstrate that a subset of vaccine-induced humoral immune responses, along with nucleocapsid serostatus are associated with control of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in the upper airways.

FUNDING:

This work was funded by the DoD Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (JPEO-CBRND) in collaboration with the Defense Health Agency (DHA) COVID-19 funding initiative for the VIRAMP study.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Contexto en salud: 1_ASSA2030 / 2_ODS3 / 4_TD Problema de salud: 1_doencas_nao_transmissiveis / 1_doencas_transmissiveis / 2_enfermedades_transmissibles / 2_muertes_prematuras_enfermedades_notrasmisibles / 4_pneumonia Asunto principal: COVID-19 / Personal Militar Tipo de estudio: Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: EBioMedicine Año: 2023 Tipo del documento: Article
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Contexto en salud: 1_ASSA2030 / 2_ODS3 / 4_TD Problema de salud: 1_doencas_nao_transmissiveis / 1_doencas_transmissiveis / 2_enfermedades_transmissibles / 2_muertes_prematuras_enfermedades_notrasmisibles / 4_pneumonia Asunto principal: COVID-19 / Personal Militar Tipo de estudio: Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: EBioMedicine Año: 2023 Tipo del documento: Article