Structural variation and introgression from wild populations in East Asian cattle genomes confer adaptation to local environment.
Genome Biol
; 24(1): 211, 2023 09 18.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37723525
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Structural variations (SVs) in individual genomes are major determinants of complex traits, including adaptability to environmental variables. The Mongolian and Hainan cattle breeds in East Asia are of taurine and indicine origins that have evolved to adapt to cold and hot environments, respectively. However, few studies have investigated SVs in East Asian cattle genomes and their roles in environmental adaptation, and little is known about adaptively introgressed SVs in East Asian cattle.RESULTS:
In this study, we examine the roles of SVs in the climate adaptation of these two cattle lineages by generating highly contiguous chromosome-scale genome assemblies. Comparison of the two assemblies along with 18 Mongolian and Hainan cattle genomes obtained by long-read sequencing data provides a catalog of 123,898 nonredundant SVs. Several SVs detected from long reads are in exons of genes associated with epidermal differentiation, skin barrier, and bovine tuberculosis resistance. Functional investigations show that a 108-bp exonic insertion in SPN may affect the uptake of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by macrophages, which might contribute to the low susceptibility of Hainan cattle to bovine tuberculosis. Genotyping of 373 whole genomes from 39 breeds identifies 2610 SVs that are differentiated along a "north-south" gradient in China and overlap with 862 related genes that are enriched in pathways related to environmental adaptation. We identify 1457 Chinese indicine-stratified SVs that possibly originate from banteng and are frequent in Chinese indicine cattle.CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings highlight the unique contribution of SVs in East Asian cattle to environmental adaptation and disease resistance.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Contexto en salud:
3_ND
Problema de salud:
3_neglected_diseases
/
3_zoonosis
Asunto principal:
Adaptación Fisiológica
/
Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
País/Región como asunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Genome Biol
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
GENETICA
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China