State dependence of CO2 forcing and its implications for climate sensitivity.
Science
; 382(6674): 1051-1056, 2023 Dec.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38033059
ABSTRACT
When evaluating the effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) changes on Earth's climate, it is widely assumed that instantaneous radiative forcing from a doubling of a given CO2 concentration (IRF2×CO2) is constant and that variances in climate sensitivity arise from differences in radiative feedbacks or dependence of these feedbacks on the climatological base state. Here, we show that the IRF2×CO2 is not constant, but rather depends on the climatological base state, increasing by about 25% for every doubling of CO2, and has increased by about 10% since the preindustrial era primarily due to the cooling within the upper stratosphere, implying a proportionate increase in climate sensitivity. This base-state dependence also explains about half of the intermodel spread in IRF2×CO2, a problem that has persisted among climate models for nearly three decades.
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1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Science
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos