Cleaning effects of eyewashes on ocular surface symptoms caused by air pollution in a single-center, two-arm, nonrandomized trial in Indonesia: first report from Jakarta study.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Air pollutants, such as Asian sand and particulate matter (PM) 2.5, have become a global concern for causing ocular inflammation and allergic symptoms. This study, as part of an international investigation, examined the effects of eyewashes for ocular damage caused by air pollution in Indonesia. METHODS: This was a single-center, patient- and-evaluator-blinded, parallel two-arm, nonrandomized trial. In Jakarta, Indonesia, 30 eyes of 15 car commuters and 30 eyes of 15 motorcycle commuters were recruited from healthy volunteers. After commuting to work, both eyes were washed with a commercial eyewash. Before and after eyewashing, eight items of ocular surface symptoms and four items of rhinitis subjective symptoms were scored using a modified Japanese Allergic Conjunctival Disease Quality-of-Life Questionnaire. RESULTS: Five of the 12 subjective symptom scores before eyewashing were higher in motorcycle commuters than in car commuters (p < 0.05). Motorcycle commuters showed improvement in the five symptom scores of "itchy eyes, foreign body sensation, eye mucus, dryness, and eye strain" after eyewashing compared to before eyewashing (p < 0.05). In all patients, sootlike particles and ocular mucus were found in the solutions collected after eyewashing. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that eyewashing for ocular symptoms caused by airborne particles may be effective in removing foreign particles from the ocular surface and relieving subjective symptoms.