Beyond protein synthesis: non-translational functions of threonyl-tRNA synthetases.
Biochem Soc Trans
; 52(2): 661-670, 2024 Apr 24.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38477373
ABSTRACT
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) play an indispensable role in the translation of mRNAs into proteins. It has become amply clear that AARSs also have non-canonical or non-translational, yet essential, functions in a myriad of cellular and developmental processes. In this mini-review we discuss the current understanding of the roles of threonyl-tRNA synthetase (TARS) beyond protein synthesis and the underlying mechanisms. The two proteins in eukaryotes - cytoplasmic TARS1 and mitochondrial TARS2 - exert their non-canonical functions in the regulation of gene expression, cell signaling, angiogenesis, inflammatory responses, and tumorigenesis. The TARS proteins utilize a range of biochemical mechanisms, including assembly of a translation initiation complex, unexpected protein-protein interactions that lead to activation or inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways, and cytokine-like signaling through cell surface receptors in inflammation and angiogenesis. It is likely that new functions and novel mechanisms will continue to emerge for these multi-talented proteins.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Treonina-ARNt Ligasa
/
Biosíntesis de Proteínas
/
Transducción de Señal
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biochem Soc Trans
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos