Prognostic value analysis and survival model construction of different treatment methods for advanced intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma.

ABSTRACT

Background: Intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma, representing 95 % of gastric malignancies, originates from the malignant transformation of gastric gland cells. Despite its prevalence, existing methods for prognosis evaluation of this cancer subtype are inadequate. This study aims to enhance patient-specific prognosis evaluation by analyzing the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic risk factors of intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma patients using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Methods: We extracted clinical data for patients diagnosed with intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma between 2010 and 2015 from the SEER database, selecting 257 cases based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Independent risk factors for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were identified using a Cox regression model. A nomogram model for predicting OS or CSS was developed from the Cox risk regression analysis and validated through the consistency index (C-index), ROC curve, and calibration curve. Results: Age, primary tumor resection, chemotherapy, lymph node metastasis, and tumor size were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS (P < 0.05). The nomogram model, constructed from these indicators, demonstrated superior predictive consistency for OS and CSS compared to the AJCC-TNM staging system. ROC curve analysis confirmed the model's higher accuracy, and calibration curve analysis indicated good agreement between the nomogram's predictions and actual observed outcomes. Conclusion: The nomogram model derived from SEER database analyses accurately predicts OS and CSS for patients with intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma. This model promises to facilitate more tailored treatments in clinical practice.