Improving the physicochemical quality and oxidative stability of deep-fried pork meatballs by coating with chitosan grafted gallic acid.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research was to examine the effectiveness of chitosan (CH)-gallic acid (GA) conjugate (CH-g-GA) as an edible coating in improving the physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of deep-fat fried pork meatballs. The meatballs were coated with either CH alone, a combination of CH and GA, or CH-g-GA before being fried at 180 °C for 5 min. The viscosity of the coating solutions influenced the amount of coating picked up by the meatballs, with higher viscosity coatings showing increased pickup. The application of chitosan-based coatings in deep-fried meatballs resulted in a decrease in moisture loss and oil uptake, as well as decreased b* values and hardness, while maintaining consistent cooking yield. Furthermore, compared to the control group, the chitosan-based coatings treatment significantly increased the ratio of immobilized water and decreased the ratio of free water (P < 0.05), as well as effectively inhibited lipid oxidation in deep-fried meatballs (P < 0.05). Among the different coatings tested, CH-g-GA coating exhibited the highest effectiveness. The research findings suggest that the CH-g-GA edible coating has significant potential in enhancing the overall quality of deep-fried meatballs.