[Simultaneous proximal and distal revascularization for arterial obstruction of the leg at two sites. Indications, techniques and results]. / Revascularisation proximale et distale simulanée pour obstruction artérielle des membres inférieurs à deux niveaux. Indications, techniques et résultats.

ABSTRACT

In chronic aortoiliac occlusive disease, 50 to 75% of the patients have further femoropopliteal lesions. The surgical treatment of these multilevel obstructions is sometimes controversial the distal reconstruction can be performed at the time of the proximal one or deferred to a later date. It can be difficult to determine the hemodynamic importance of an iliac stenosis. Angiography is not a perfect predictor of the iliac segment hemodynamics because as it underestimates the severity of aorto-iliac stenoses when single plane views are taken. Direct measurement of the femoral pressure at angiography disclosing a gradient between brachial and femoral arteries indicates significant iliac stenosis. Intraarterial papaverine administration can also be of importance to determine critical stenoses. Despite proximal reconstruction, distal ischemia can persist if peripheral resistance is high. Distal revascularization can relieve ischemic symptoms, providing an adequate outflow bed. However some patients do not benefit from this two-level procedure because of a steal phenomenon in the intermediate vascular bed.