I.V. acetaminophen pharmacokinetics in neonates after multiple doses.
Br J Anaesth
; 101(4): 523-30, 2008 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-18628265
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Pharmacokinetics of an i.v. prodrug of acetaminophen (propacetamol) in neonates after repeat dosing are reported, with scant data for i.v. acetaminophen formulation.METHODS:
Neonates from an intensive care unit received 6-hourly prn i.v. acetaminophen dosed according to postmenstrual age (PMA) 28-32 weeks, 10 mg kg(-1); 32-36 weeks, 12.5 mg kg(-1); and > or =36 weeks, 15 mg kg(-1). A maximum of five blood samples for assay and liver function tests (LFTs) were collected. A one-compartment linear disposition model (zero-order input; first-order elimination) was used to describe time-concentration profiles using population modelling (NONMEM).RESULTS:
Fifty neonates, median (range) PMA 38.6 (32-45) weeks, mean (SD) weight 2.9 (0.7) kg, received a mean of 15 doses over a median 4 days with 189 serum acetaminophen and 231 LFT measurements. Standardized population parameter estimates for a term neonate were clearance (CL) 5.24 (CV 30.5%) litre h(-1) 70 kg(-1) and volume of distribution (V) 76 (29.6%) litre 70 kg(-1). CL increased with PMA from 4.4 litre h(-1) 70 kg(-1) at 34 weeks to 6.3 litre h(-1) 70 kg(-1) at 46 weeks. The presence of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia was associated with reduced CL 150 micromol litre(-1) associated with 40% CL reduction. Acetaminophen concentrations between 10 and 23 mg litre(-1) at steady state are predicted after 15 mg kg(-1) 6-hourly for a neonate of PMA 40 weeks. Hepatic enzyme analysis of daily samples changed significantly for one patient whose alanine aminotransferase concentration tripled.CONCLUSIONS:
The parameter estimates are similar to those described for propacetamol. There was no evidence of hepatotoxicity. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia impacts upon CL, dictating dose reduction.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Analgésicos não Narcóticos
/
Acetaminofen
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Newborn
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Br J Anaesth
Ano de publicação:
2008
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Austrália