Involvement of a novel organic cation transporter in verapamil transport across the inner blood-retinal barrier.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To clarify the transport and inhibition characteristics involved in verapamil transport across the inner blood-retinal barrier (inner BRB). METHODS: The transport of [(3)H]verapamil across the inner BRB was investigated using retinal uptake index and integration plot analyses in rats. The detailed transport characteristics were studied using TR-iBRB2 cells, a conditionally immortalized rat retinal capillary endothelial cell line that is an in vitro model of the inner BRB. RESULTS: The apparent influx permeability clearance of [(3)H]verapamil was 614 µL/(min·g retina), which is 4.7-fold greater than that of brain. The retinal uptake of [(3)H]verapamil was slightly increased by 3 mM verapamil and 10 mM qunidine and inhibited by 40 mM pyrilamine, supporting the carrier-mediated efflux and influx transport of verapamil across the inner BRB. TR-iBRB2 cells exhibited a concentration-dependent uptake of [(3)H]verapamil with a K (m) of 61.9 µM, and the uptake was inhibited by several cations, such as pyrilamine, exhibiting a different profile from the identified transporters. These transport properties suggest that verapamil transport at the inner BRB takes place via a novel organic cation transporter. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a novel organic cation transporter is involved in verapamil transport from the blood to the retina across the inner BRB.