Functional assessment of elderly patients after percutaneous aortic balloon valvuloplasty: New York Heart Association classification versus functional status questionnaire.

ABSTRACT

Monitoring functional status in patients with cardiac disease has traditionally been done by using the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification system. For various reasons, we found the NYHA system difficult to apply to elderly patients. We proposed that the functional status questionnaire (FSQ), which measures the ability to perform tasks, would more accurately assess the functional status of the elderly. In a study in 37 patients with a mean age of 76 years, who had aortic stenosis, we measured FSQ and NYHA scores at baseline, 1 month and 3 months. The difference in questionnaires was evident by the 3-month measurement. Individual patients were better evaluated by the FSQ. Six patients had an FSQ score of less than 72 (suggesting severe functional impairment) at 3 months but only two patients gave symptoms scored as NYHA class III or IV (cardiac disability). Five of six patients had a recurrent cardiac event subsequent to the 3-month follow-up. Changes in functional performance preceded symptomatic deterioration that was reflected only by the FSQ scores. The FSQ system more reliably predicted outcome than the NYHA system and appears to be a more useful tool in the evaluation of elderly patients with cardiac disease.