Current pharmacological treatment approaches for alcohol dependence.
Expert Opin Pharmacother
; 15(4): 471-81, 2014 Mar.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24456374
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
At present, the substances acamprosate, naltrexone and disulfiram are available for pharmacotherapy in alcohol dependence, but clinical studies found only modest effect sizes of these treatment options. AREAS COVERED This article focuses on current pharmacological treatment approaches for alcohol dependence, which have been evaluated in randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs). EXPERT OPINION Besides the opioid system modulator nalmefene, which has recently been approved as a medication for the reduction of alcohol consumption, several compounds have been investigated in patients with alcohol dependence using a randomized, placebo-controlled design. In these studies, the antiepileptic drugs topiramate and gabapentin were found to be effective in improving several drinking-related outcomes, whereas levetiracetam failed to show efficacy in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Clinical studies using (low-dose) baclofen, a selective GABA-B receptor agonist, produced conflicting results, so that results of further trials are needed. Varenicline has also shown mixed results in two RCTs, but might possibly be useful in patients with comorbid nicotine dependence. The α1 adrenergic antagonist prazosin is currently under investigation in alcohol dependence with and without comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Finally, first clinical evidence suggests that the 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron might possibly be used in future within a pharmacogenetic treatment approach in alcohol dependence.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Contexto em Saúde:
2_ODS3
/
8_ODS3_consumo_sustancias_psicoactivas
Problema de saúde:
2_sustancias_psicoativas
/
8_alcohol
Assunto principal:
Alcoolismo
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Expert Opin Pharmacother
Assunto da revista:
FARMACOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha