Metformin, cancer and glucose metabolism.
Endocr Relat Cancer
; 21(6): R461-71, 2014.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25273809
ABSTRACT
Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes. Results from several clinical studies have indicated that type 2 diabetic patients treated with metformin might have a lower cancer risk. One of the primary metabolic changes observed in malignant cell transformation is an increased catabolic glucose metabolism. In this context, once it has entered the cell through organic cation transporters, metformin decreases mitochondrial respiration chain activity and ATP production that, in turn, activates AMP-activated protein kinase, which regulates energy homeostasis. In addition, metformin reduces cellular energy availability and glucose entrapment by inhibiting hexokinase-II, which catalyses the glucose phosphorylation reaction. In this review, we discuss recent findings on molecular mechanisms that sustain the anticancer effect of metformin through regulation of glucose metabolism. In particular, we have focused on the emerging action of metformin on glycolysis in normal and cancer cells, with a drug discovery perspective.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Glucose
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Hipoglicemiantes
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Metformina
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Neoplasias
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Antineoplásicos
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Endocr Relat Cancer
Assunto da revista:
ENDOCRINOLOGIA
/
NEOPLASIAS
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article