Effect of a Hepatitis A Vaccination Campaign During a Hepatitis A Outbreak in Taiwan, 2015-2017: A Modeling Study.
Clin Infect Dis
; 70(8): 1742-1749, 2020 04 10.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31157857
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Beginning from 2015-2016, unprecedented large outbreaks of acute hepatitis A that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) reemerged across the continents. We assessed the impact of an early initiated hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination campaign that targeted MSM living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during the 2015-2017 hepatitis A outbreak in Taiwan.METHODS:
First, we ascertained the effectiveness of HAV vaccination for MSM living with HIV using a nested case-control study of 1470 persons living with HIV who were initially HAV-seronegative. We then fitted a model of HAV transmission among MSM, risk-structured by HIV status, to the actual epidemic curve of reported acute hepatitis A cases in Taiwan during 2015-2017.RESULTS:
Fifty-five cases of acute hepatitis A were matched to 220 controls. Single-dose and 2-dose HAV vaccination provided protection rates of 96.1% and 97.8% among recipient MSM living with HIV, respectively. Model fitting yielded basic reproductive number estimates of 7.26 (MSM living with HIV) and 3.04 (MSM not living with HIV). In a counterfactual scenario without an HAV vaccination campaign, the outbreak would have involved 7153 hepatitis A cases during 2015-2017 in contrast to the 1352 that were observed. We therefore estimated that the HAV vaccination campaign averted 80.7% (sensitivity analysis, 48.8%-92.7%) of acute hepatitis A cases that would otherwise have occurred by the end of 2017.CONCLUSIONS:
The early initiated HAV vaccination campaign, which targeted MSM living with HIV, very effectively curtailed the 2015-2017 hepatitis A outbreak in Taiwan.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Contexto em Saúde:
1_ASSA2030
/
2_ODS3
/
4_TD
Problema de saúde:
1_doencas_nao_transmissiveis
/
1_surtos_doencas_emergencias
/
2_enfermedades_transmissibles
/
4_hepatitis
Assunto principal:
Infecções por HIV
/
Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero
/
Hepatite A
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Infect Dis
Assunto da revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article