Liquid biopsy with cell free DNA: new horizons for prostate cancer.
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci
; 58(1): 60-76, 2021 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32805148
ABSTRACT
Although prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common tumors in European males, the only minimally invasive diagnostic tool in PCa setup is the determination of PSA in serum. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has been demonstrated to be helpful for PCa diagnosis but has not yet been integrated into the clinical setting. This review aims to provide a systematic update of cfDNA and its fragmentation patterns in PCa reported in literature published over the last twenty years. Due to the high variability of the scientific methods adopted and a lack of standardized median cfDNA levels, results fluctuate across different studies. These differences may be due to the cfDNA source, the quantification method, or the fragmentation pattern. Blood plasma is the most frequently analyzed biological fluid, but seminal plasma has been reported to contain higher cfDNA concentration due to its vicinity to the tumor origin. CfDNA has been shown to be composed of single-stranded (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), so the total cfDNA concentration should be preferred as it corresponds best to the tumor mass. Fluorometry and capillary electrophoresis (CE) may be quick and cost-effective tools for cfDNA assessment in a clinical setting. The greatest future challenge is the elaboration of common guidelines and standardized procedures for diagnostic laboratories performing cfDNA analysis. A multiparametric approach combining the analysis of total cfDNA (both ssDNA and dsDNA), cfDNA fragment length, and specific genetic mutations (ctDNA assessment) is required for optimal future applications of liquid biopsy.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Neoplasias da Próstata
/
Ácidos Nucleicos Livres
/
DNA Tumoral Circulante
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Guideline
Limite:
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci
Assunto da revista:
TECNICAS E PROCEDIMENTOS DE LABORATORIO
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Itália