Correlates of loss to follow-up and missed diagnosis among HIV-exposed infants throughout the breastfeeding period in southern Mozambique.
PLoS One
; 15(8): e0237993, 2020.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32822388
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Complete follow-up of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed infants (HEI) is crucial for a successful prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission. This study analyzed the HEI follow-up and factors associated with loss to follow-up (LTFU) in southern Mozambique.METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study used the data of HEI enrolled between June 2017 and June 2018, followed-up for 18 months. The outcomes were the proportion of infants with completed follow-up and a definitive diagnosis, and the presence of clinical events. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate the cumulative probability of LTFU and of clinical events. Factors associated with LTFU and clinical events were analyzed using Cox regression to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and adjusted HR (AHR), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a significance cutoff of p<0.05.RESULTS:
1413 infants were enrolled (49% males) at a median age of 32 days (IQR 31-41); the median follow-up time was 12 months (IQR 8.2-14.2); 1129 (80%) completed follow-up and had a definitive diagnosis, 58 (4%) were HIV-positive, 225 (16%) were LTFU; 266 (19%) presented a clinical event. Factors associated with LTFU were age >2 months at entry (AHR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.12-2.23), non-exclusive breastfeeding (AHR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.01-2.06), poor cotrimoxazole adherence (AHR, 3.42; 95% CI, 1.59-7.35), and clinical events (AHR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.34-0.77). Factors associated with clinical events were malnutrition (AHR, 10.06; 95% CI, 5.92-17.09), non-exclusive breastfeeding (AHR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.34-2.93), no nevirapine prophylaxis (AHR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.18-2.36), and poor cotrimoxazole adherence (AHR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.10-6.22).CONCLUSION:
The high rate of HEI LTFU, associated with delayed linkage to postnatal care, poor prophylaxis adherence, non-exclusive breastfeeding, indicates the need to design a differentiated service delivery model that is tailored to the mothers' and infants' specific needs.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Contexto em Saúde:
2_ODS3
Problema de saúde:
2_enfermedades_transmissibles
Assunto principal:
Infecções por HIV
/
Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
PLoS One
Assunto da revista:
CIENCIA
/
MEDICINA
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Moçambique