Neural Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities for Atrial Fibrillation.
Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J
; 17(1): 43-47, 2021 Apr 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34104319
ABSTRACT
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and complications. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a central role in AF, with the heart regulated by both extrinsic and intrinsic properties. In the extrinsic ANS, the sympathetic fibers are derived from the major paravertebral ganglia, especially the stellate ganglion (SG), which is a source of cardiac sympathetic innervation since it connects with multiple intrathoracic nerves and structures. The major intrinsic ANS is a network of axons and ganglionated plexi that contains a variety of sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons, which communicate with the extrinsic ANS. Simultaneous sympathovagal activation contributes to the development of AF because it increases calcium entry and shortens the atrial action potential duration. In animal and human studies, neuromodulation methods such as electrical stimulation and renal denervation have indicated potential benefits in controlling AF in patients as they cause SG remodeling and reduce sympathetic outflow. This review focuses on the neural mechanisms relevant to AF and the recent developments of neuromodulation methods for AF control.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Contexto em Saúde:
6_ODS3_enfermedades_notrasmisibles
Problema de saúde:
6_cardiovascular_diseases
Assunto principal:
Fibrilação Atrial
/
Sistema Nervoso Autônomo
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Átrios do Coração
/
Frequência Cardíaca
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J
Assunto da revista:
ANGIOLOGIA
/
CARDIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article