Current status and prospects for the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol
; 17(8): 819-834, 2021 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34162306
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an intraepidermal autoimmune bullous disease (AIBD) characterized by autoantibodies against desmosomal adhesion proteins, most commonly desmoglein (Dsg)3, leading to the suprabasal cleft formation and acantholysis.Areas covered Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) studies display the intercellular deposition of IgG/C3 throughout the epidermis and presence of circulating autoantibodies respectively, as a net-like pattern. However, the target antigen remains unknown using immunofluorescence techniques. Thanks to the development of Dsg ELISA, using recombinant technology, circulating antibodies against Dsg1 and 3 could be detected sensitively. It is possible to differentiate PV from pemphigus foliaceus (PF) using this assay. BIOCHIP mosaic and multivariant ELISA are two novel serologic methods with the added value of the ability to screen several AIBDs simultaneously.Non-Dsg1/3 antigens are also involved in the pathogenesis of PV and investigated more deeply thanks to the protein microarrays technique. Additionally, patients with high values of anti-Dsg1/3 may be lesion-free, suggesting the presence of nonpathogenic autoantibodies.Expert opinion Newer diagnostic methods to replace traditional techniques should possess high sensitivity and specificity and be widely available, noninvasive, and relatively cheap. The newly developed methods need to be further evaluated before being recommended for routine use.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pênfigo
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Expert Rev Clin Immunol
Assunto da revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Irã