Facility-based surveillance for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in rural Zambia.
BMC Infect Dis
; 21(1): 986, 2021 Sep 21.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34548020
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
While southern Africa experiences among the highest mortality rates from respiratory infections, the burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in rural areas is poorly understood.METHODS:
We implemented facility-based surveillance in Macha, Zambia. Outpatients and inpatients presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI) underwent testing for influenza A, influenza B, and RSV and were prospectively followed for 3 to 5 weeks to assess clinical course. Log-binomial models assessed correlates of infection and clinical severity.RESULTS:
Between December 2018 and December 2019, 17% of all outpatients presented with ILI and 16% of inpatients were admitted with an acute respiratory complaint. Influenza viruses and RSV were detected in 17% and 11% of outpatient participants with ILI, and 23% and 16% of inpatient participants with ILI, respectively. Influenza (July-September) and RSV (January-April) prevalence peaks were temporally distinct. RSV (relative risk [RR] 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-2.11), but not influenza, infection was associated with severe disease among patients with ILI. Underweight patients with ILI were more likely to be infected with influenza A (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.72; 95% CI 1.04-2.87) and to have severe influenza A infections (RR 2.49; 95% CI 1.57-3.93).CONCLUSIONS:
Populations in rural Zambia bear a sizeable burden of viral respiratory infections and severe disease. The epidemiology of infections in this rural area differs from that reported from urban areas in Zambia.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções Respiratórias
/
Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano
/
Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial
/
Influenza Humana
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Screening_studies
Limite:
Humans
/
Infant
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Infect Dis
Assunto da revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos