Operando XAS/SAXS: Guiding Design of Single-Atom and Subnanocluster Catalysts.
Small Methods
; 5(5): e2001194, 2021 May.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34928104
ABSTRACT
Single-atom and subnanocluster catalysts (SSCs) represent a highly promising class of low-cost materials with high catalytic activity and high atom-utilization efficiency. However, SSCs are susceptible to undergo restructuring during the reactions. Exploring the active sites of catalysts through in situ characterization techniques plays a critical role in studying reaction mechanism and guiding the design of optimum catalysts. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy/small-angle X-ray scattering (XAS/SAXS) is promising and widely used for monitoring electronic structure, atomic configuration, and size changes of SSCs during real-time working conditions. Unfortunately, there is no detailed summary of XAS/SAXS characterization results of SSCs. The recent advances in applying in situ XAS/SAXS to SSCs are thoroughly summarized in this review, including the atomic structure and oxidation state variations under open circuit and realistic reaction conditions. Furthermore, the reversible transformation of single-atom catalysts (SACs) to subnanoclusters/nanoparticles and the application of in situ XAS/SAXS in subnanoclusters are discussed. Finally, the outlooks in modulating the SSCs and developing operando XAS/SAXS for SSCs are highlighted.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Small Methods
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos