Protection from Omicron Infection in Residents of Nursing and Retirement Homes in Ontario, Canada.
J Am Med Dir Assoc
; 24(5): 753-758, 2023 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37001559
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
To identify factors that contribute to protection from infection with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in older adults in nursing and retirement homes.DESIGN:
Longitudinal cohort study with retrospective analysis of infection risk. SETTING ANDPARTICIPANTS:
997 residents of nursing and retirement homes from Ontario, Canada, in the COVID in LTC study.METHODS:
Residents with 3 messenger RNA (mRNA) dose vaccinations were included in the study. SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined by positive nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction test and/or circulating antinucleocapsid IgG antibodies. Cumulative probability of Omicron infection after recent COVID-19 was assessed by log-rank test of Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox regression was used to assess risk of Omicron infection by age, sex, mRNA vaccine combination, whether individuals received a fourth dose, as well as recent COVID-19.RESULTS:
In total, 171 residents (17.2%) had a presumed Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 15, 2021 (local start of the first Omicron wave) and May 3, 2022. Risk of Omicron infection was not different by age [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.01 (0.99â1.02)], or in women compared with men [0.97 (0.70â1.34)], but infection risk decreased 47% with 3 vaccine doses of mRNA-1273 (Moderna) compared with BNT162b2 (Pfizer) [0.53 (0.31-0.90)], 81% with any fourth mRNA vaccine dose [0.19 (0.12â0.30)], and 48% with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the 3 months prior to beginning of the Omicron wave [0.52, (0.27â0.99)]. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Vaccine type (ie, mRNA-1273/Spikevax vs BNT162b2/Cominarty), any fourth vaccine dose, and hybrid immunity from recent COVID-19, were protective against infection with the Omicron variant. These data emphasize the importance of vaccine type, and number of vaccine doses, in maintenance of protective immunity and reduction of risk of Omicron variant breakthrough infection. These findings promote continued public health efforts to support vaccination programs and monitor vaccine immunogenicity in older adults.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Contexto em Saúde:
1_ASSA2030
/
2_ODS3
/
4_TD
Problema de saúde:
1_doencas_nao_transmissiveis
/
1_doencas_transmissiveis
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2_muertes_prematuras_enfermedades_notrasmisibles
/
4_pneumonia
Assunto principal:
COVID-19
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Vacina BNT162
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
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Female
/
Humans
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Am Med Dir Assoc
Assunto da revista:
HISTORIA DA MEDICINA
/
MEDICINA
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article