Exploring histone deacetylases in type 2 diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological insights and therapeutic avenues.
Clin Epigenetics
; 16(1): 78, 2024 Jun 11.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38862980
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that impairs metabolism, and its prevalence has reached an epidemic proportion globally. Most people affected are with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is caused by a decline in the numbers or functioning of pancreatic endocrine islet cells, specifically the ß-cells that release insulin in sufficient quantity to overcome any insulin resistance of the metabolic tissues. Genetic and epigenetic factors have been implicated as the main contributors to the T2DM. Epigenetic modifiers, histone deacetylases (HDACs), are enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones and play an important role in a variety of molecular processes, including pancreatic cell destiny, insulin release, insulin production, insulin signalling, and glucose metabolism. HDACs also govern other regulatory processes related to diabetes, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis, revealed by network and functional analysis. This review explains the current understanding of the function of HDACs in diabetic pathophysiology, the inhibitory role of various HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), and their functional importance as biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets for T2DM. While their role in T2DM is still emerging, a better understanding of the role of HDACi may be relevant in improving insulin sensitivity, protecting ß-cells and reducing T2DM-associated complications, among others.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Epigênese Genética
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
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Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases
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Histona Desacetilases
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Epigenetics
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Emirados Árabes Unidos