The effect of intensive blood pressure lowering on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

ABSTRACT

Background: We conducted a comprehensive systematic review to examine the efficacy of intensive blood pressure lowering on the risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and EMBASE for all relevant randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome was the incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy. We used the risk ratio (RR) and hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval as our effect sizes. Results: Four studies, comprising 20,747 patients, were included. Intensive blood pressure lowering was linked with a diminished LVH incidence (RR 0.66, 95% CI [0.56-0.77]). We also found that intensive blood pressure lowering increased the risk of LVH regression in patients with baseline LVH (RR 1.21, 95% CI [1.11-1.32]). Finally, intensive blood pressure lowering was linked with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (HR 0.71, 95% CI [0.60-0.85]). No significant heterogeneity was seen in either outcome. Conclusion: Our study suggests that intensive blood pressure lowering effectively reduces the risk of LVH and cardiovascular disease. An interactive version of our analysis can be accessed here https//databoard.shinyapps.io/lvh_hypertophy/.