Exploring the immune landscape of disulfidptosis in ulcerative colitis and the role of modified gegen qinlian decoction in mediating disulfidptosis to alleviate colitis in mice.

ABSTRACT

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ulcerative colitis (UC), a recurrent inflammatory bowel disease, continues to challenge effective pharmacologic management. Disulfidptosis, a recently identified form of cell death, appears implicated in the progression of various diseases. Scientific studies have demonstrated that Modified Gegen Qinlian decoction (MGQD) alleviates UC symptoms. However, the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the role of disulfidptosis in UC and explored the potential of MGQD to ameliorate UC by mediating disulfidptosis. METHODS: Microarray data were utilized to identify disulfidptosis-related genes stably expressed in UC, and integrated genomic analyses were conducted to elucidate the landscape of disulfidptosis in UC. Subsequently, C57BL/6J mice were administered 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce experimental colitis and treated with MGQD. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis of colonic tissues from colitis mice were performed to validate the microarray data findings. Finally, molecular docking was employed to explore the binding interactions between MGQD components and disulfidptosis biomarkers. RESULTS: Myosin heavy chain 10 (MYH10) and filamin A (FLNA) were identified as stably expressed in UC, demonstrating high diagnostic value for the disease. Correlation analysis indicated that disulfidptosis-related genes are associated with elevated levels of immune cells in UC. Single gene set enrichment analysis further clarified that these genes might be involved in the pathological processes of UC via immune-related pathways. Subsequent animal experiments revealed that MYH10 and FLNA were significantly upregulated in mice with colitis, a condition reversed by MGQD treatment. Molecular docking results showed that MYH10 and FLNA serve as stable binding targets for the primary components of MGQD. CONCLUSIONS: The study identified a connection between the disulfidptosis-related landscape and immune infiltration in UC, suggesting that MGQD may modulate disulfidptosis by inhibiting MYH10 and FLNA, thereby alleviating UC.