ABSTRACT
AIM OF THE STUDY: Analyzing velocimetric (umbilical artery, UA; ductus venosus, DV; middle cerebral artery, MCA) and computerized cardiotocographic (cCTG) (fetal heart rate, FHR; short term variability, STV; approximate entropy, ApEn) parameters in intrauterine growth restriction, IUGR, in order to detect early signs of fetal compromise. POPULATION STUDY: 375 pregnant women assisted from the 28th week of amenorrhea to delivery and monitored through cCTG and Doppler ultrasound investigation. The patients were divided into three groups according to the age of gestation at the time of delivery, before the 34th week, from 34th to 37th week, and after the 37th week. Data were analyzed in relation to the days before delivery and according to the physiology or pathology of velocimetry. Statistical analysis was performed through the t-test, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation test (P < 0.05). Our results evidenced an earlier alteration of UA, DV, and MCA. The analysis between cCTG and velocimetric parameters (the last distinguished into physiological and pathological values) suggests a possible relation between cCTG alterations and Doppler ones. The present study emphasizes the need for an antenatal testing in IUGR fetuses using multiple surveillance modalities to enhance prediction of neonatal outcome.
Subject(s)
Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnosis , Adult , Apgar Score , Cardiotocography , Female , Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging , Gestational Age , Humans , Laser-Doppler Flowmetry , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Radiography , Retrospective Studies , Ultrasonography, PrenatalABSTRACT
The purpose of this report is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of spiramycin/cotrimoxazole in the mother-to-child transmission of Toxoplasma gondii infection. We retrospectively analysed 76 infants born to mothers with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and estimated the risk of mother-to-child transmission considering the gestational age at the time of infection. Seventy-six mothers were given spiramycin, cotrimoxazole and folinic acid; only two babies (2.6%) were infected by Toxoplasma and none of them showed signs or symptoms of congenital infection or interference of sulphamid on tetrahydrofolate reductase (THFR) either at birth or during follow-up. Treatment did not need to be stopped in any mother because of adverse drug effects. Our results seem to encourage the use of spiramycin/cotrimoxazole in women with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/prevention & control , Spiramycin/therapeutic use , Toxoplasmosis/drug therapy , Toxoplasmosis/transmission , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/therapeutic use , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Leucovorin/adverse effects , Leucovorin/therapeutic use , Pregnancy , Retrospective Studies , Spiramycin/adverse effects , Toxoplasma/drug effects , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura generally show a favorable outcome with a high spontaneous recovery rate even many years after the initial diagnosis. In this retrospective study, 5 out of 12 children with chronic ITP achieved a spontaneous recovery. A careful follow-up appears to be adequate for most of the patients, reserving splenectomy to the rare severely affected patients.