ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for a woman to experience pregnancy denial. DESIGN, SETTING AND POPULATION: A French multicentric prospective case-control study with 71 mother-infant dyads having experienced a pregnancy denial versus a control group of 71 dyads. METHODS: Data were collected in the week after delivery using an observational leaflet and two psychiatric scales (MINI and QSSP). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding social, demographic, medical and psychiatric data. RESULTS: Not being in a stable relationship (odds ratio [OR] 17.18, 95% CI 3.37-87.60]; P < 0.0001), not having a high school diploma (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04-1.38]; P < 0.0001) and having a psychiatric history (OR 6.33, 95% CI 1.62-24.76; P = 0.0002) were risk factors to experience pregnancy denial, whereas being older was a protective factor (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79-0.93; P = 0.0054) (logistic regression, Wald 95% CI). Other risk factors included late declarations of pregnancy history and past pregnancy denials (case n = 7, 9.7% versus 0% in controls; P = 0.01), past pregnancy denials in the family (case n = 13, 18% versus control n = 4, 5.6%; P = 0.03), and use of a contraceptive method (75% for cases versus 7% in control; P < 0.0001), primarily an oral contraceptive (75%). CONCLUSION: Family or personal history of pregnancy denial should be part of the systematic anamnesis during the first visit of a patient of child-bearing age. Further, our study points out that life context (young age, single status, socio-economic precarity, pill-based contraception) could be a trigger for pregnancy denial in certain women. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Life context can be a trigger for pregnancy denial.
Subject(s)
Denial, Psychological , Pregnancy, Unplanned/psychology , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Contraception/psychology , Contraception/statistics & numerical data , Educational Status , Female , France , Humans , Logistic Models , Maternal Age , Odds Ratio , Pregnancy , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
Previous research has demonstrated that individuals with panic disorder (PD) report significant sleep disturbances, although the mechanism of this disturbance is not clear. Patients with PD tend to report abnormally high levels of anxiety sensitivity (AS). Because higher AS involves increases in attention and fearfulness about anxiety and associated physical sensations, which in turn may cause excessive psychological and physiologic arousal, we hypothesized that amongst individuals with PD, higher AS would be associated with sleep disruption, particularly in the form of increased sleep latency. As expected, PD was associated with poorer sleep as measured by the Global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) compared to controls and AS was significantly associated with longer sleep latency. Our data suggest that sleep disturbance, and in particular sleep latency, in PD may be partly due to high levels of AS, which can be targeted with cognitive-behavioral therapeutic strategies.
Subject(s)
Anxiety/psychology , Panic Disorder/psychology , Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology , Adult , Emotions , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Severity of Illness Index , Sleep , Stress, Psychological/psychologyABSTRACT
It is well known that dust clouds selectively absorb radiation in the 700-1300 cm(-1) atmospheric window region. Studies have shown that dust clouds are composed of the same minerals as surface soils, although in different proportion. We have examined seventy soil samples from a number of locations around the world to determine their compositions and spectral characteristics. The results indicate that there are five major components which selectively absorb radiation in the 700-1300 cm(-1) region. These are three clay minerals, silica, and calcium carbonate. Absorptivity coefficient spectra of representative soil samples are given.