ABSTRACT
Data on metagenomic analysis of the microbial community of the intestine of the Comephorus dybowski are presented for the first time. It was established that the bacterial community is characterized by a significant species diversity. In its composition 301 phylotypes (OTU) belonging to 23 phyla (out of which six are candidate, including the Thermobaculum, Gracilibacteria, Candidatus Saccharibacteria, TM6, Latescibacteria, and Parcubacteria) were detected. It was demonstrated that species richness estimated by means of the non-parametric ACE and Chao1 criteria was 568 and 504, respectively; and the species diversity by the Shannon index was 4.05. The analysis ofunique peculiarities of the C. dybowski ecology and biology allows us to explain some of the data obtained on the intestinal microbiome of this specie.
Subject(s)
Bacteria , Intestines/microbiology , Metagenome , Microbiota/genetics , Perciformes/microbiology , Animals , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/genetics , Bacteria/growth & developmentSubject(s)
Fish Diseases/microbiology , Mycoplasma Infections/veterinary , Mycoplasma/isolation & purification , Salmonidae/microbiology , Animals , Fish Diseases/diagnosis , Genotype , Humans , Mycoplasma/classification , Mycoplasma/genetics , Mycoplasma/physiology , Mycoplasma Infections/diagnosis , Mycoplasma Infections/microbiology , Rivers , RussiaABSTRACT
The nucleotide sequences were determined for a phosphoprotein gene fragment of canine distemper virus (CDV) by using the RT-PCR method with the subsequent sequencing of amplicons from total RNA isolated from 2 samples of Caspian seals, 15 samples of Baikal seals and from samples of dog's and sea-lion's brains. The above materials were phylogenetically analyzed. The heterogeneity of the virus circulating in the Baikal-seal population was demonstrated. Morbillivirus, that caused epizooty in Caspian seals, was shown to be a CDV variant, whose phosphoprotein gene structure was not different, within the analyzed stretch, from the corresponding gene of the most widespread variant of the Baikal seal virus. The data obtained suggest that morbillivirus could be transmitted by birds during their seasonal migrations.
Subject(s)
Morbillivirus/genetics , Seals, Earless/virology , Animal Diseases/epidemiology , Animal Diseases/virology , Animals , Base Sequence , Genes, Viral , Genetic Techniques , Genetic Variation , Molecular Sequence Data , Morbillivirus Infections/epidemiology , Morbillivirus Infections/virology , Phosphoproteins/genetics , Phylogeny , SiberiaSubject(s)
Mollusca/physiology , Mollusca/virology , Morbillivirus Infections/transmission , Morbillivirus/physiology , Animals , Antigens, Viral/biosynthesis , Distemper Virus, Canine/metabolism , Dogs , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Environment , Immunoenzyme Techniques , RNA/metabolism , RNA, Viral/analysis , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Twenty-four antibiotic-resistant and sensitive strains of M. tuberculosis isolated from different territories of the Irkutsk region (East Siberia) were studied using PCR genotyping by enterobacterial repetitive intergeneric consensus (ERIC). Evolution relationships are illustrated by phylogenetic trees as a result of analysis by UPGMA and ML approaches. It was found that the studied samples belonged to two genetically different groups, both of which included sensitive and resistant strains. The sensitivity of the method was calculated by the Hunter-Gaston index. Based on these data, a probable pattern of emergence and propagation of antibiotic-resistant forms of tuberculosis in the studied region is discussed.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/classification , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Genetic Variation , Haplotypes , Humans , Models, Biological , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics , Phylogeny , Siberia , Tuberculosis/microbiologyABSTRACT
The virus epizootic which resulted in significant mortality in Siberian seals (Phoca sibirica) in Lake Baikal during 1987/88 was caused by canine distemper virus. Sequence analysis of the virus glycoprotein genes revealed that it was most closely related to recent European field isolates of canine distemper virus. This paper presents evidence that the same virus continued to circulate in seals in Lake Baikal after the initial epizootic. Three out of 45 brain tissue samples collected from seals culled in the spring of 1992 were positive for canine distemper virus-specific nucleic acid by the reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction and the sequences were closely related to that of the original virus isolated in 1988.
Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Distemper Virus, Canine/genetics , Distemper/virology , Seals, Earless/virology , Viral Vaccines/genetics , Animals , Base Sequence , Brain/virology , Distemper/epidemiology , Distemper Virus, Canine/immunology , Distemper Virus, Canine/isolation & purification , Molecular Sequence Data , Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid , Siberia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Sequence analysis of the haemagglutinin protein (H) gene of the morbillivirus (PDV-2) isolated from a Siberian seal (Phoca sibirica) during the 1987/1988 epizootic in Lake Baikal revealed that it was most closely related to two recent isolates of canine distemper virus (CDV) from Germany and different from CDV vaccines currently in use in that region. The virus continued to circulate in seals in Lake Baikal after the 1987/1988 epizootic since sera collected from culled seals in the spring of 1992 were positive in morbillivirus ELISA tests, reacting most strongly with the CDV antigen.