Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Critical Illness , Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory Insufficiency , Humans , COVID-19/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Critical Illness/therapy , Critical Illness/epidemiology , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy , Respiratory Insufficiency/epidemiology , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Female , New England/epidemiology , Aged , Cohort Studies , PandemicsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Long-term pulmonary complications have been reported after a coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesized that a history of COVID-19 is associated with a measurable decrease in baseline respiratory system compliance in patients undergoing general anesthesia. METHODS: In this hospital registry study, we included adult patients undergoing general anesthesia between January 2020 and March 2022 at a tertiary health care network in Massachusetts. We excluded patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status >IV, laryngoscopic surgeries, and patients who arrived intubated. The primary exposure was a history of COVID-19. The primary outcome was baseline respiratory system compliance (mL/cmH2O). Effects of severity of infection, surges (Alpha1, Alpha2, Delta, and Omicron), patient demographics, and time between infection and assessment of compliance were investigated. RESULTS: A total of 19,921 patients were included. Approximately 1386 (7.0%) patients had a history of COVID-19. A history of COVID-19 at any time before surgery was associated with a measurably lower baseline respiratory system compliance (ratio of meansadj = 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94-0.97; P < .001; adjusted compliance difference: -1.6 mL/cmH2O). The association was more pronounced in patients with a severe form of COVID-19 (ratio of meansadj = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99; P = .02, adjusted compliance difference: -2 mL/cmH2O). Alpha1, Alpha2, and Delta surges, but not Omicron, led to a lower baseline respiratory system compliance (P < .001, P = .02, and P < .001). The Delta surge effect was magnified in Hispanic ethnicity (P-for-interaction = 0.003; ratio of meansadj = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74-0.93; P = .001; adjusted compliance difference: -4.6 mL/cmH2O). CONCLUSIONS: A history of COVID-19 infection during Alpha1, Alpha2, and Delta surges was associated with a measurably lower baseline respiratory system compliance.
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Rationale: Lung-protective mechanical ventilation strategies have been proven beneficial in the operating room (OR) and the ICU. However, differential practices in ventilator management persist, often resulting in adjustments of ventilator parameters when transitioning patients from the OR to the ICU. Objectives: To characterize patterns of ventilator adjustments during the transition of mechanically ventilated surgical patients from the OR to the ICU and assess their impact on 28-day mortality. Methods: Hospital registry study including patients undergoing general anesthesia with continued, controlled mechanical ventilation in the ICU between 2008 and 2022. Ventilator parameters were assessed 1 hour before and 6 hours after the transition. Measurements and Main Results: Of 2,103 patients, 212 (10.1%) died within 28 days. Upon OR-to-ICU transition, VT and driving pressure decreased (-1.1 ml/kg predicted body weight [IQR, -2.0 to -0.2]; P < 0.001; and -4.3 cm H2O [-8.2 to -1.2]; P < 0.001). Concomitantly, respiratory rates increased (+5.0 breaths/min [2.0 to 7.5]; P < 0.001), resulting overall in slightly higher mechanical power (MP) in the ICU (+0.7 J/min [-1.9 to 3.0]; P < 0.001). In adjusted analysis, increases in MP were associated with a higher 28-day mortality rate (adjusted odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.14; P < 0.001; adjusted risk difference, 0.7%; 95% confidence interval, 0.4-1.0, both per 1 J/min). Conclusion: During transition of mechanically ventilated patients from the OR to the ICU, ventilator adjustments resulting in higher MP were associated with a greater risk of 28-day mortality.
Subject(s)
Operating Rooms , Ventilators, Mechanical , Humans , Respiration, Artificial , Death , Intensive Care UnitsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: High cholesterol levels in pancreatic ß-cells cause oxidative stress and decrease insulin secretion. ß-cells can internalize apo (apolipoprotein) A-I, which increases insulin secretion. This study asks whether internalization of apoA-I improves ß-cell insulin secretion by reducing oxidative stress. METHODS: Ins-1E cells were cholesterol-loaded by incubation with cholesterol-methyl-ß-cyclodextrin. Insulin secretion in the presence of 2.8 or 25 mmol/L glucose was quantified by radioimmunoassay. Internalization of fluorescently labeled apoA-I by ß-cells was monitored by flow cytometry. The effects of apoA-I internalization on ß-cell gene expression were evaluated by RNA sequencing. ApoA-I-binding partners on the ß-cell surface were identified by mass spectrometry. Mitochondrial oxidative stress was quantified in ß-cells and isolated islets with MitoSOX and confocal microscopy. RESULTS: An F1-ATPase ß-subunit on the ß-cell surface was identified as the main apoA-I-binding partner. ß-cell internalization of apoA-I was time-, concentration-, temperature-, cholesterol-, and F1-ATPase ß-subunit-dependent. ß-cells with internalized apoA-I (apoA-I+ cells) had higher cholesterol and cell surface F1-ATPase ß-subunit levels than ß-cells without internalized apoA-I (apoA-I- cells). The internalized apoA-I colocalized with mitochondria and was associated with reduced oxidative stress and increased insulin secretion. The IF1 (ATPase inhibitory factor 1) attenuated apoA-I internalization and increased oxidative stress in Ins-1E ß-cells and isolated mouse islets. Differentially expressed genes in apoA-I+ and apoA-I- Ins-1E cells were related to protein synthesis, the unfolded protein response, insulin secretion, and mitochondrial function. CONCLUSIONS: These results establish that ß-cells are functionally heterogeneous, and apoA-I restores insulin secretion in ß-cells with elevated cholesterol levels by improving mitochondrial redox balance.
Subject(s)
Insulin-Secreting Cells , Insulin , Mice , Animals , Insulin/pharmacology , Apolipoprotein A-I/metabolism , Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism , Cholesterol/metabolism , Glucose/metabolism , Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism , Adenosine Triphosphatases/pharmacologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Tanzania observed a gradual increase in the number of measles cases since 2019 with a large outbreak recorded during 2022. This study describes the trend of measles in Tanzania over a 5-year period from 2018-2022. METHODS: This was a descriptive study conducted using routine measles case-based surveillance system including 195 councils of the United Republic of Tanzania. RESULTS: Between 2018 and 2022 there were 12,253 measles cases reported. Out of 10,691 (87.25%) samples tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 903 (8.4%) were measles immunoglobulin M positive. The highest number of laboratory-confirmed measles cases was in 2022 (64.8%), followed by 2020 (13.8%), and 2019 (13.5%). Out of 1279 unvaccinated cases, 213 (16.7%) were laboratory-confirmed measles cases compared to 77/723 (10.6%) who were partially vaccinated and 71/1121 (6.3%) who were fully vaccinated (P < 0.001). Children aged between 1-4 years constituted the most confirmed measles cases after laboratory testing, followed by those aged 5-9 years. There was a notable increase in the number of laboratory-confirmed measles cases in children <1 year and 10-14 years during 2022 compared to previous years. The vaccination coverage of the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) was maintained >90% since 2013 while MCV2 increased gradually reaching 88% in 2022. CONCLUSIONS: Accumulation of susceptible children to measles due to suboptimal measles vaccination coverage over the years has resulted in an increase in the number of laboratory-confirmed measles cases in Tanzania with more cases recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic. Strengthening surveillance, routine immunization, and targeted strategies are key to achieving the immunity levels required to interrupt measles outbreaks.
Subject(s)
Measles , Pandemics , Child , Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Tanzania/epidemiology , Immunization Programs , Measles/epidemiology , Measles/prevention & control , Measles Vaccine , Vaccination , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & controlABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: High mechanical power and driving pressure (ΔP) have been associated with postoperative respiratory failure (PRF) and may be important parameters guiding mechanical ventilation. However, it remains unclear whether high mechanical power and ΔP merely reflect patients with poor respiratory system mechanics at risk of PRF. We investigated the effect of mechanical power and ΔP on PRF in cohorts after exact matching by patients' baseline respiratory system compliance. DESIGN: Hospital registry study. SETTING: Academic hospital in New England. PATIENTS: Adult patients undergoing general anesthesia between 2008 and 2020. INTERVENTION: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary exposure was high (≥ 6.7 J/min, cohort median) versus low mechanical power and the key-secondary exposure was high (≥ 15.0 cm H 2 O) versus low ΔP. The primary endpoint was PRF (reintubation or unplanned noninvasive ventilation within seven days). Among 97,555 included patients, 4,030 (4.1%) developed PRF. In adjusted analyses, high intraoperative mechanical power and ΔP were associated with higher odds of PRF (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.37 [95% CI, 1.25-1.50]; p < 0.001 and aOR 1.45 [95% CI, 1.31-1.60]; p < 0.001, respectively). There was large variability in applied ventilatory parameters, dependent on the anesthesia provider. This facilitated matching of 63,612 (mechanical power cohort) and 53,260 (ΔP cohort) patients, yielding identical baseline standardized respiratory system compliance (standardized difference [SDiff] = 0.00) with distinctly different mechanical power (9.4 [2.4] vs 4.9 [1.3] J/min; SDiff = -2.33) and ΔP (19.3 [4.1] vs 11.9 [2.1] cm H 2 O; SDiff = -2.27). After matching, high mechanical power and ΔP remained associated with higher risk of PRF (aOR 1.30 [95% CI, 1.17-1.45]; p < 0.001 and aOR 1.28 [95% CI, 1.12-1.46]; p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: High mechanical power and ΔP are associated with PRF independent of patient's baseline respiratory system compliance. Our findings support utilization of these parameters for titrating mechanical ventilation in the operating room and ICU.
Subject(s)
Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory Insufficiency , Adult , Humans , Respiratory Mechanics , Respiratory System , Respiratory Insufficiency/epidemiology , New England , Tidal VolumeABSTRACT
American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is predominantly a vector-borne multisystemic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite transmitted by triatomine bugs in endemic areas such as Mexico and Central and South America. Acute T. cruzi infection is mostly asymptomatic, nonetheless, in up to one-third of the patients, a mild form of the disease can be present, with nonspecific manifestations like fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, inflammation at the inoculation site (inoculation chancre) and unilateral palpebral edema (Romaña sign). Severe acute disease occurs in less than 1% of patients and includes myopericarditis and meningoencephalitis. If untreated, the acute phase can cause chronicity with cardiac and gastrointestinal involvement. We report the case of a female with occupational exposure to this parasite, who presented with acute myopericarditis, a rare form of presentation of this disease.
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INTRODUCTION: Oral candidiasis is one of the most common fungal infections that has been widely reported around the world. In Malaysia, the available studies for this infection are scarce. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a 20-year retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence, demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and the association of oral candidiasis with clinical parameters in oral candidiasis cases reported in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya from 1999 until 2019. A total of 12,964 histopathological records from the Oral Pathology Diagnostic and Research Laboratory (OPDRL) between 1999 to 2019 were retrieved. Oral candidiasis cases were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Information of interest was obtained and analysed. RESULTS: From the total records retrieved, 378 oral candidiasis cases were recorded and 82.8% were diagnosed from smear test. This study showed that oral candidiasis was predominantly reported in female (64.2%) and Indian population (64.2%). The peak incidence was in the sixth decades of life (27.0%). The most commonly affected site was tongue and coated tongue was the most common clinical presentation. More than 50% of the cases had comorbidity and 10.6% were associated with dentures. Ethnicity and site of occurrence were significantly associated (p<0.05) with oral candidiasis. CONCLUSION: This is the first large-scale study of oral candidiasis cases in Malaysia. The findings of this study are useful for clinical assessment of patients suspected of oral candidiasis.
Subject(s)
Candidiasis, Oral , Female , Humans , Asian People/ethnology , Asian People/statistics & numerical data , Candidiasis, Oral/diagnosis , Candidiasis, Oral/epidemiology , Candidiasis, Oral/ethnology , Malaysia/epidemiology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources tends to redirect the power systems community's interest from the traditional power grid model towards the smart grid framework. During this transition, load forecasting for various time horizons constitutes an essential electric utility task in network planning, operation, and management. This paper presents a novel mixed power-load forecasting scheme for multiple prediction horizons ranging from 15 min to 24 h ahead. The proposed approach makes use of a pool of models trained by several machine-learning methods with different characteristics, namely neural networks, linear regression, support vector regression, random forests, and sparse regression. The final prediction values are calculated using an online decision mechanism based on weighting the individual models according to their past performance. The proposed scheme is evaluated on real electrical load data sensed from a high voltage/medium voltage substation and is shown to be highly effective, as it results in R2 coefficient values ranging from 0.99 to 0.79 for prediction horizons ranging from 15 min to 24 h ahead, respectively. The method is compared to several state-of-the-art machine-learning approaches, as well as a different ensemble method, producing highly competitive results in terms of prediction accuracy.
Subject(s)
Machine Learning , Neural Networks, Computer , Algorithms , Forecasting , Random ForestABSTRACT
Introduction: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG)-driven indices, incorporating obesity indices, have been proposed as reliable markers of insulin resistance and related comorbidities such as diabetes. This study evaluated the effectiveness of these indices in detecting prediabetes in normal-weight individuals from a Middle Eastern population. Methods: Using the data of 5,996 adult Qatari participants from the Qatar Biobank cohort, we employed adjusted logistic regression to assess the ability of various obesity and triglyceride-related indices to detect prediabetes in normal-weight (18.5 ≤ BMI <25 kg/m2) adults (≥18 years). Results: Of the normal-weight adults, 13.62% had prediabetes. TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHTR) was significantly associated with prediabetes among normal-weight men [OR per 1-SD 2.68; 95% CI (1.67-4.32)] and women [OR per 1-SD 2.82; 95% CI (1.61-4.94)]. Compared with other indices, TyG-WHTR had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value for prediabetes in men [AUC: 0.76, 95% CI (0.70-0.81)] and women [AUC: 0.73, 95% CI (0.66-0.80)], and performed significantly higher than other indices (p < 0.05) in detecting prediabetes in men. Tyg-WHTR shared similar diagnostic values as fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Discussion: Our findings suggest that the TyG-WHTR index could be a better indicator of prediabetes for general clinical usage in normal weight Qatari adult men than other obesity and TyG-related indices. TyG-WHTR can help identify a person's risk for developing prediabetes in both men and women when combined with FPG results.
Subject(s)
Prediabetic State , Male , Humans , Adult , Female , Prediabetic State/diagnosis , Glucose , Cross-Sectional Studies , Triglycerides , Obesity/diagnosis , Obesity/epidemiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Previous studies linked a high intensity of ventilation, measured as mechanical power, to mortality in patients suffering from "classic" ARDS. By contrast, mechanically ventilated patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 may present with intact pulmonary mechanics while undergoing mechanical ventilation for longer periods of time. We investigated whether an association between higher mechanical power and mortality is modified by a diagnosis of COVID-19. METHODS: This retrospective study included critically ill, adult patients who were mechanically ventilated for at least 24 h between March 2020 and December 2021 at a tertiary healthcare facility in Boston, Massachusetts. The primary exposure was median mechanical power during the first 24 h of mechanical ventilation, calculated using a previously validated formula. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. As co-primary analysis, we investigated whether a diagnosis of COVID-19 modified the primary association. We further investigated the association between mechanical power and days being alive and ventilator free and effect modification of this by a diagnosis of COVID-19. Multivariable logistic regression, effect modification and negative binomial regression analyses adjusted for baseline patient characteristics, severity of disease and in-hospital factors, were applied. RESULTS: 1,737 mechanically ventilated patients were included, 411 (23.7%) suffered from COVID-19. 509 (29.3%) died within 30 days. The median mechanical power during the first 24 h of ventilation was 19.3 [14.6-24.0] J/min in patients with and 13.2 [10.2-18.0] J/min in patients without COVID-19. A higher mechanical power was associated with 30-day mortality (ORadj 1.26 per 1-SD, 7.1J/min increase; 95% CI 1.09-1.46; p = 0.002). Effect modification and interaction analysis did not support that this association was modified by a diagnosis of COVID-19 (95% CI, 0.81-1.38; p-for-interaction = 0.68). A higher mechanical power was associated with a lower number of days alive and ventilator free until day 28 (IRRadj 0.83 per 7.1 J/min increase; 95% CI 0.75-0.91; p < 0.001, adjusted risk difference - 2.7 days per 7.1J/min increase; 95% CI - 4.1 to - 1.3). CONCLUSION: A higher mechanical power is associated with elevated 30-day mortality. While patients with COVID-19 received mechanical ventilation with higher mechanical power, this association was independent of a concomitant diagnosis of COVID-19.
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PURPOSE: Dyssynchrony may cause lung injury and is associated with worse outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients. Reverse triggering (RT) is a common type of dyssynchrony presenting with several phenotypes which may directly cause lung injury and be difficult to identify. Due to these challenges, automated software to assist in identification is needed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective observational study using a training set of 15 patients and a validation dataset of 13 patients. RT events were manually identified and compared with "rules-based" programs (with and without esophageal manometry and reverse triggering with breath stacking), and were used to train a neural network artificial intelligence (AI) program. RT phenotypes were identified using previously defined rules. Performance of the programs was compared via sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and F1 score. RESULTS: 33,244 breaths were manually analyzed, with 8718 manually identified as reverse-triggers. The rules-based and AI programs yielded excellent specificity (>95% in all programs) and F1 score (>75% in all programs). RT with breath stacking (24.4%) and mid-cycle RT (37.8%) were the most common phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Automated detection of RT demonstrated good performance, with the potential application of these programs for research and clinical care.
Subject(s)
Lung Injury , Respiratory Distress Syndrome , Humans , Artificial Intelligence , Prospective Studies , Neural Networks, Computer , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/diagnosis , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effectsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To examine the use of liquid-based exfoliative cytology to determine the presence of genomic instability and cell death in the oral mucosa of patients with orthodontic appliances. METHODS: Fifty-four oral mucosa samples were collected from 18 patients and divided into three stages: T0, before fixation of orthodontic appliances; T1, 25 days after appliance fixation; T2, 90 days after appliance fixation. All samples were Papanicolaou-stained and observed by microscopy (1,000 cells/sample) to ascertain the frequency of micronucleated cells (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (nuclear buds (NB), binucleated (BN), condensed chromatin (CC), karyorrhexis (KR), and karyolysis (KL)). Differences were analyzed statistically using the Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and chi-squared tests. RESULTS: After placement of orthodontic appliances, significant differences were observed for genomic instability biomarkers (MN and NB) and cell death (CC, KR and KL) (P < 0.05). Female patients and older patients exhibited a higher frequency of MN. CONCLUSION: Liquid-based cytology has revealed that orthodontic appliances induce genomic instability and cell death in epithelial tissue of the oral mucosa, facilitating sample preservation and yielding more than one preparation per sample. Future studies should investigate whether such cell damage can be reversed through cell repair or whether cell alterations evolve and lead to disease.
Subject(s)
Cytology , Mouth Mucosa , Orthodontic Appliances , Female , Humans , Cell Death , Orthodontic Appliances/adverse effects , Genomic Instability , CytogeneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies suggest that ketamine stimulates breathing. We investigated whether adding a ketamine infusion at low and high doses to propofol sedation improves inspiratory flow and enhances sedation in spontaneously breathing critically ill patients. METHODS: In this prospective interventional study, twelve intubated, spontaneously breathing patients received ketamine infusions at 5â mcg/kg/min, followed by 10â mcg/kg/min for 1â h each. Airway flow, pressure, and esophageal pressure were recorded during a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) at baseline, and during the SBT conducted at the end of each ketamine infusion regimen. SBT consisted of one-minute breathing with zero end-expiratory pressure and no pressure support. Changes in inspiratory flow at the pre-specified time points were assessed as the primary outcome. Ketamine-induced change in beta-gamma electroencephalogram power was the key secondary endpoint. We also analyzed changes in other ventilatory parameters respiratory timing, and resistive and elastic inspiratory work of breathing. RESULTS: Ketamine infusion of 5 and 10â mcg/kg/min increased inspiratory flow (median, IQR) from 0.36 (0.29-0.46) L/s at baseline to 0.47 (0.32-0.57) L/s and 0.44 (0.33-0.58) L/s, respectively (p = .013). Resistive work of breathing decreased from 0.4 (0.1-0.6) J/l at baseline to 0.2 (0.1-0.3) J/l after ketamine 10â mcg/kg/min (p = .042), while elastic work of breathing remained unchanged. Electroencephalogram beta-gamma power (19-44â Hz) increased compared to baseline (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: In intubated, spontaneously breathing patients receiving a constant rate of propofol, ketamine increased inspiratory flow, reduced inspiratory work of breathing, and was associated with an "activated" electroencephalographic pattern. These characteristics might facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation.
Subject(s)
Ketamine , Propofol , Humans , Prospective Studies , Respiration, Artificial , Ventilator Weaning , Work of Breathing , Intensive Care UnitsABSTRACT
Serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) medications are well established as first-line pharmacotherapeutic treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). However, despite the excellent safety profile and demonstrated efficacy of these medications, a substantial proportion of individuals with OCD fail to attain sufficient benefit from SRIs. In this narrative review, we discuss clinical features of OCD that have been associated with poorer response to SRIs, and we present pharmacotherapeutic interventions that have been explored as augmenting or alternative treatments for treatment-resistant OCD. We additionally highlight non-SRI interventions for OCD that are currently under investigation. Pharmacotherapeutic interventions were identified via expert consensus. To assess the evidence base for individual pharmacotherapies, targeted searches for relevant English-language publications were performed on standard biomedical research databases, including MEDLINE. Information relevant to ongoing registered clinical trials in OCD was obtained by search of ClinicalTrials.gov. Pharmacotherapies are grouped for review in accordance with the general principles of Neuroscience-based Nomenclature (NbN). Clinical features of OCD that may suggest poorer response to SRI treatment include early age of onset, severity of illness, duration of untreated illness, and the presence of symmetry/ordering or hoarding-related symptoms. Based on evolving pathophysiologic models of OCD, diverse agents engaging serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, glutamate, and anti-inflammatory pathways have been explored as alternative or adjunctive therapies for treatment-resistant OCD and have at least preliminary evidence of efficacy. Medications with dopamine antagonist activity remain the most robustly evidence-based of augmenting interventions, yet dopamine antagonists benefit only a minority of those who try them and carry elevated risks of adverse effects. Interventions targeting glutamatergic and anti-inflammatory pathways are less well evidenced, but may offer more favorable benefit to risk profiles. Ongoing research should explore whether specific interventions may benefit individuals with particular features of treatment-resistant OCD.
Subject(s)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder , Humans , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/diagnosis , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory AgentsABSTRACT
Chronic inflammation is an important factor in the development of cancer. Macrophages found in tumors, known as tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), are key players in this process, promoting tumor growth through humoral and cellular mechanisms. 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE), an arachidonic acid metabolite, has been described to possess a potent chemoattractant activity for human white blood cells (WBCs). The biological actions of 5-oxo-ETE are mediated through the GPCR 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid receptor (OXER1). In addition, we have previously reported OXER1 as one of the membrane androgen receptors with testosterone antagonizing 5-oxo-ETE's actions. OXER1 is highly expressed in inflammatory cells and many normal and cancer tissues and cells, including prostate and breast cancer, promoting cancer cell survival. In the present study we investigate the expression and role of OXER1 in WBCs, THP-1 monocytes, and THP-1 derived macrophages, as well as its possible role in the interaction between macrophages and cancer cells (DU-145 and T47D). We report that OXER1 is differentially expressed between WBCs and macrophages and that receptor expression is modified by LPS treatment. Our results show that testosterone and 5-oxo-ETE can act in an antagonistic way affecting Ca2+ movements, migration, and cytokines' expression in immune-related cells, in a differentiation-dependent manner. Finally, we report that 5-oxo-ETE, through OXER1, can attract macrophages to the tumor site while tumor cells' OXER1 activation in DU-145 prostate and T47D breast cancer cells, by macrophages, induces actin cytoskeletal changes and increases their migration.