ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a condition characterized by chronic inflammation that affects the bladder. The study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of intravesical platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in patients with IC/BPS. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search strategy to involve studies that investigate the efficacy of intravesical PRP injections or instillations over different time intervals. Various outcome measures were assessed, including pain scores, functional outcomes, urodynamic parameters, and surface expressions on the urothelium. RESULTS: Our search strategy revealed 1,125 studies. After screening, ten articles met the inclusion criteria. Intravesical PRP significantly reduced the visual analog scale (VAS) compared with baseline scores. Several clinical trials reported significant improvements in the global response rate (GRA), O'Leary-Sant Symptom (OSS) questionnaire, Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI), and Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index (ICPI). Urodynamic parameters such as maximum flow rate (Qmax) and post-voiding residual (PVR) showed significant improvements in some studies. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that intravesical PRP injections could be a promising effective treatment option for IC/BPS patients by their significant ability to reduce pain. However, improvement of urodynamic and functional outcomes is still not clear. Further large comparative trials are still warranted to assess the efficacy of PRP instillation.
Subject(s)
Cystitis, Interstitial , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Humans , Cystitis, Interstitial/therapy , Administration, Intravesical , Female , Treatment Outcome , Pain MeasurementABSTRACT
As a consequence of Covid-19 pandemic, the basic lab consumables are in shortage, especially in the low-income countries. Thus, the main objective of the present study is to develop and evaluate homemade solution to isolate plasmid. To pursue this objective, RNase A was overexpressed in Bl21 DE3 cells (E. coli strain) and prepared as crude refolding reaction with proper activity. Also, lysis buffers, neutralization buffer, and washing buffers were prepared. The homemade miniprep kit showed successful isolation of the px48SpCas9 plasmid. The prepared plasmid purity was enough to be used successfully in PCR amplification. In addition, to get extra benefits from this study, seven primers were designed to match the plasmid backbone to produce DNA ladder (100-1500 bp). In conclusion, we were able to have attainable working solutions for plasmid miniprep and DNA ladder.
ABSTRACT
A worldwide shortage of molecular biology consumables is in surge. This includes filter tips, nucleic acid purification kits, polymerases, reverse-transcriptase, and different types of reagents which are included in viral diagnostic kits. In developing countries, the problem is even worse, since there is few capital enterprise to adopt this kind of industry. So, our aim is to develop a suitable, functional, comparable to commercial ones, and affordable in-house protocol to purify viral RNA. We sought some published and commercial RNA purification solutions to set-up an in-house protocol for viral RNA extraction. Solution was prepared accordingly. Also, LPA (linearized polyacrylamide) carrier was evaluated. The whole setting of in-house solutions with addition of LPA carrier was compared to QIAamp viral RNA minikit solutions. Our results showed that linearized polyacrylamide (LPA) carrier in homemade solutions is comparable to poly A carrier which is used in the most commercial kit. In addition, the whole setting of RNA purification solutions did achieve the purpose of viral RNA purification. Also, the result was confirmed using sputum of a Sars-Cov2 infected patient. Our experiments did end up with an affordable homemade solutions for viral RNA purification.