Subject(s)
Fluid Therapy/methods , Hemodynamics , Laparoscopy/methods , Monitoring, Intraoperative/methods , Oxygen Consumption , Brain Chemistry , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Dexmedetomidine (Dex) demonstrates sedative and analgesic effects. We investigated the intraoperative and postoperative effects of intraoperative Dex administration during surgery in adult patients. A search for randomized placebo-controlled trials was conducted in Pubmed and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled clinical trials using intraoperative Dex for surgery in adult population. Outcome assessed were: intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption, time of recovery from anesthesia, postoperative pain, and postoperative nausea or vomiting (PONV) in the first 24 hours. Data from each trial were combined to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR), mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95 % CI). Heterogeneity was measured using I² statistics. Eighteen randomized controlled trials were analyzed. Dex was administered to 815 patients and 410 received placebo. Overall, Dex significantly decreased intraoperative opioid consumption (SMD=-1.58 [-2.98, -0.19], I²=95 %, P<0.00001), but did not decrease time of recovery from anesthesia (SMD=-0.13 [-1.60, 1.34] minutes, I²=95 %, P<0.00001). Dex significantly reduced postoperative opioid consumption (SMD=-1.58 [-2.98, -0.19], I²=95 %, P<0.00001), postoperative pain intensity (SMD=-0.73 [-1.19, -0.27], I²=62 %, P=0.03), and the prevalence of PONV (OR=0.43 [0.27, 0.69], I²=0 %, P=0.46). This meta-analysis shows that intraoperative Dex administration in adult patients reduces intra and postoperative opioid consumption, postoperative pain and PONV. Time of recovery is not affected.
Subject(s)
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/therapeutic use , Dexmedetomidine/therapeutic use , Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use , Intraoperative Care/methods , Adult , Databases, Factual , Deep Sedation , Humans , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Development of outpatient care is one of the major goals of public health policy in our country. For the purpose of this study, we set up an emergency outpatient surgery unit 24hours a day in our hospital. We assessed the feasibility of such a unit with a length of stay less than 12hours and no patient readmission. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective observational and monocentric study was conducted in our hospital by systematically including patients eligible for emergency surgery outpatient care. We built a database compiling patient characteristics, lengths of stay, surgical and anesthesic procedures, complications and readmission rate. Satisfaction was then assessed by the « EVAN-G ¼ questionnaire. RESULTS: From May 2011 to October 2012, 147 patients were included in our research. They were 31years old [25-43]. Hundred and twenty-six of them (86%) remained in the outpatient procedure without any readmission. Twenty-one (14%) were excluded, essentially for surgical contraindications or due to the absence of an accompanying person. Length of stay was of 10.5hours [8.5-13]. The satisfaction survey showed an average score of 83/100. CONCLUSION: The setting up of an ambulatory emergency surgery unit is possible after proper training of emergency care specialists, anesthesiologists, and surgeons. This activity is compatible with safe care and a high level of patient satisfaction. It must be considered as part of the emergency procedures available and should not be systematically ruled out.