ABSTRACT
The generation of construction and demolition waste1 (CDW) in China has increased dramatically in recent decades due to the rapid urbanization. Yet there is a very limited utilization of this waste, meaning that there is an urgent need to address this issue in order to reduce the reliance on virgin materials and improve the lived environment in China. This problem contrasts with the EU experience where many member states already exceed an 80% utilization rate of CDW due to extensive policy measures. We argue that the supervision of CDW is an important and underestimated element in addressing this waste stream, and that China and other rapidly developing states can build on the EU experience to address this issue rapidly and efficiently. This paper took a comparative policy analytical approach to summarize advanced experiences promoting CDW utilization, highlighting 14 advanced policy measures. We then conducted a case study approach applied to a Chinese metropolitan city, Wuhan, to identify the key measures to promote CDW utilization in the local area by questionnaire. On this basis, we then proposed a whole process supervision framework for the six most important policy measures, to cover the whole process of the generation, transport and recycling of this waste. This approach provides a mode for policymakers to prioritize the most important policy measures to address CDW problem in China through a timely and data-driven process.
Subject(s)
Construction Industry , Waste Management , Construction Materials , Cities , China , Recycling , Industrial Waste/analysisABSTRACT
AIM: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is the third most common cancer in the world. We aimed to explore the functional mechanism of LINC00342 in COAD. METHODS: The LINC00342 expressions in COAD tissues were detected via qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization analysis. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between LINC00342 expression and COAD clinical features. Small interfering LINC00342 (siLINC00342)/siCtrl were synthesized and then transfected into COAD cells. Cell apoptosis and proliferation were respectively assessed by flow cytometry and cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were both measured using transwell assay. The target miRNA of LINC00342 were predicted and verified by online bioinformatics tools and luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. Mice COAD models were constructed to explore the effects of LINC00342 on COAD in vivo. RESULTS: LINC00342 was over-expressed in COAD tissues and LINC00342 overexpression was related to the poor prognosis of COAD patients. LINC00342 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis of COAD cells. LINC00342 targeted to miR-545-5p/murine double minute 2 (MDM2) in COAD. In COAD tissues and cell lines, LINC00342 expression was positively correlated to MDM2 expression, while it was negatively correlated to miR-545-5p expression. Both miR-545-5p-mimic and siMDM2 transfection could recover the changes of cell biological activities which were induced by LINC00342 overexpression. LINC00342 knockdown suppressed COAD tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION: LINC00342 affected cell biological activities of COAD in vivo and in vitro via regulating miR-545-5p/MDM2. It might a novel target in COAD therapy.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Colonic Neoplasms/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/genetics , RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Animals , Apoptosis/genetics , Cell Movement/genetics , Cell Proliferation/genetics , Colon/pathology , Colonic Neoplasms/mortality , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Datasets as Topic , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , HCT116 Cells , HEK293 Cells , Humans , Male , Mice , MicroRNAs/metabolism , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics , Prognosis , Survival Rate , Up-Regulation , Xenograft Model Antitumor AssaysABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Since colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, we aimed to identify the role of sex determining region Y (SRY)-box 18 (SOX18) in CRC. METHODS: RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expression of SOX18 in CRC samples. We then identified the effect of SOX18 on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and annexin V/PI staining, respectively. The effect of silencing SOX18 expression in CRC development was evaluated by using a xenograft mouse model. RESULTS: First, we found that SOX18 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and cell lines and that SOX18 levels in CRC tissues were positively associated with advanced clinical stages, vascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, patients with higher expression of SOX18 had a lower survival rate. Overexpression of SOX18 significantly promoted cell proliferation, promoted S cell cycle progression, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Conversely, downregulation of SOX18 clearly weakened cell proliferation, induced G0/G1 cell cycle phase arrest, and gave rise to cell apoptosis. The results showed that shSOX18 significantly inhibited tumor growth and weight. Ki67 expression was also decreased by SOX18 silencing treatment. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that SOX18 may have a carcinogenic effect on CRC, which might provide novel insights into CRC prevention and treatment.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of daidzein on gall bladder constriction. METHODS: To study daidzein how to antagonize the gall bladder constriction of guinea pig induced by acitylcholine, histamine, excessive K+ or Ca2+. RESULTS: It has been found that daidzein could remarkedly antagonize the gall bladder constriction of guinea pig induced by acitylcholine, histamine, excessive K+, cumulation Ca2+. CONCLUSION: Daidzein could obviously antagonize gall bladder constriction in guinea pig.