[Effect of 6-month S-methylmethionine intake on the quality of life and dyspepsia symptoms in patients with chronic gastritis].

S-methylmethionine (methylmethionine sulfonium chloride), better known as vitamin U, is a metabolic substrate that affects many metabolic processes in the human organism. Since its discovery, a large number of studies has been produced demonstrating its safety and effectiveness in various diseases, especially in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of methylmethionine sulfonium chloride (vitamin U) intake on the symptoms of dyspepsia and the quality of life of patients with chronic gastritis. Material and methods. The study included 37 patients (21 men and 16 women) aged 35-60 years with chronic gastritis of various etiologies. After inclusion in the study, all patients were prescribed S-methylmethionine at a dose of 300 mg per day. Clinical manifestations of dyspepsia were assessed using the GSRS questionnaire (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale), quality of life was assessed using the SF 36 questionnaire. The survey was conducted before the start of the therapy, after 3 and 6 months of complex diet therapy. Results. The most pronounced manifestations were dyspeptic (from 3 to 9 points) and diarrheal syndromes (from 2 to 5 points). Other indicators of the GSRS scale did not exceed 4 points. The total score was 15 points. By the 3rd month of therapy, there was a statistically significant decrease in the total score to 9 points (p<0.05). By the 6th month of therapy, the total GSRS score averaged 5.5 points (p<0.05). According to the SF 36 questionnaire, by the end of the 3rd month of therapy, indicators such as PF - physical functioning, BP - Bodily pain and SF - social functioning improved. By the end of the 6th month of therapy, several other indicators also improved (RP - role-physical functioning, GH - general perception of health, VT - viability, RE - Role-Emotional; MH - mental health) (p<0.05). Conclusion. The study showed that the appointment of dietary supplements containing methylmethionine sulfonium chloride at a dose of 300 mg per day helps to reduce the severity of dyspeptic symptoms in patients with chronic gastritis and their quality of life.

The Mechanism of Action of Ethoxidol on Oxidative Stress Indices in Heart Failure and Hypotension.

The aim of the investigation was to study the effect of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine malate (Ethoxidol) on the concentration of oxidative stress metabolites in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 126 patients with FC I-III CHF have been examined. In addition to their individual therapy these patients received intravenous infusions of Ethoxidol. Blood content of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), oxygen tension (рО2), pH, concentration of total peroxides, lactate, and aldosterone were identified. 2,3-DPG levels (g/L erythrocytes) in whole blood samples were determined by an enzyme assay using the reagent kit (Rosh, Germany), values of рО2, рСО2, рН, lactate in the venous blood were measured using gas analyzer Stat Profil pHOx Ultra (Nova Biomedical, USA). Indices of oxidative stress, i.e. the concentration of plasma total peroxides, were investigated by ELISA using OxyStat kit (Biomedica, Austria). Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from all patients before and 6 days after the daily intravenous Ethoxidol infusion. RESULTS: In patients with FC I, II, III CHF, on day 7 after intravenous Ethoxidol infusion at a dose of 100 mg/day, statistically significant growth (p=0.0002) of PaO2 level by 15.7, 17.4, and 22.8%, respectively, was noted. In patients with FC I, II, III CHF in the group receiving standard therapy, statistically significant (p=0.002) reduction of 2,3-DPG level by 2.7, 2.4, and 4.0%, respectively, was registered. On day 7 after the infusion of Ethoxidol at a dose of 100 mg/day, its decrease by 5.7, 10.5, and 26.2%, respectively (p<0.0001), was also observed. CONCLUSION: The increased concentrations of active oxygen forms have been established to negatively affect various bodily functions and adversely influence the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. Application of antioxidants, including Ethoxidol presented by us in this article, may become a clue to the development of preventive measures for many serious diseases.

[A comparative clinico-pharmacological study of adalat, foridone, siskor, lomir effects on cerebral and peripheral circulation in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Sravnitel'noe kliniko-farmakologicheskoe izuchenie vliianiia adalata, foridona, siskora, lomira na tserebral'noe i perifericheskoe krovoobrashchenie u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertenziei.

The results of a comparative clinicopharmacological study of adalate, foridone, siskor and lomir effects on cerebral and peripheral blood flow are presented for 46 patients with arterial hypertension stage I-III. It was found that all the four drugs relieve tonicity and enhance blood flow in a. cerebri media and a. carotis communis. Lomir and adalate had more potent effects on central hemodynamics. A maximal dilating effect on regional peripheral arteries was observed after a single intake of siskor and adalate, while lomir's and foridone's single doses were weaker. In course treatment with the above drugs these differences are less.

[Efficiency and safety of a long-lasting form of diltiazem in the treatment of hypertensive patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Izuchenie éffektivnosti i bezopasnosti prolongirovannoi formy diltiazema pri lechenii bol'nykh IBS i arterial'noi gipertenziei.

Antianginal and hypotensive efficacy of etizem was studied in 40 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), stable angina of effort (moderate-to-severe) for 4 weeks and 43 patients with arterial hypertension (mild-to-moderate) for 12 weeks. A course treatment with etizem lowered mean 24 hour, mean diurnal and mean nocturnal blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic, normalized blood pressure in most cases of abnormal 24 hour diastolic blood pressure profile. Etizem also significantly improved left ventricular diastolic function but failed to do so in relation to myocardial mass of the left ventricle.

Phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins reflects lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during hyperlipidemia.

We studied phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins in patients with normo- and hypertriglyceridemia treated with various hypolipidemic preparations (simvastatin and fenofibrate). Both preparations changed phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins and improved their functional activity. The differences in the phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins were probably related to lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins catalyzed by lipoprotein lipase and, in particular, hepatic lipase.

[The evaluation of the reactogenicity, harmlessness and prophylactic efficacy of Grippol trivalent polymer-subunit influenza vaccine administered to schoolchildren]. / Otsenka reaktogennosti, bezvrednosti i profilakticheskoi éffektivnosti grippoznoi trivalentnoi polimer-sub''edinichnoi vaktsiny "Grippol" pri vvedenii detiam shkol'nogo vozrasta.

Vaccine "Grippol"--has been developed at the State Research Center--Institute of Immunology. The preparation belongs to new generation vaccines and is a trivalent polymer-subunit vaccine containing the sterile conjugate of influenza virus surface proteins, types A and B, bound with copolymer polyoxidonium. The administration of "Grippol" to children of school age (6-18 years) demonstrated low reactogenicity of the vaccine, its safety and sufficient prophylactic effectiveness. During observations on total morbidity (with the exception of influenza and acute respiratory diseases) no side effects produced by "Grippol" were registered. At the same time the fact that the morbidity rate of upper respiratory tract disease in the group of children immunized with the vaccine decreased in comparison with the control group (by 2.4 times) cannot be disregarded.

[Characteristics of "Avaxim" hepatitis A vaccine produced by the firm "Pasteur Merrier" (results of field clinical trials)]. / Kharakteristika vaktsiny protiv gepatita A "Avaxim" proizvodstva firmy "Paster Mer'e" (rezul'taty polevykh klinicheskikh ispytanii).

Controlled field clinical trials of Avaxim vaccine from hepatitis A (Pasteur-Merrier-Connot) were carried out in adults and children aged 3-14 years to evaluate its reactogenicity and antigenic properties. The vaccine was weakly reactogenic both in adults and children. A single injection of the vaccine resulted after 1 month in the production of anti-HAV antibodies in 77.4% initially seronegative adults and 94.5% children. In adults the mean geometrical titer of antibodies was 95 mIU/ml and in children 165 mIU/ml, which was 5-8 times higher than the protective titer. These data recommend Avaxim vaccine for practical public health.

[Comparative study of the reactivity, safety and immunogenicity of "Havrix" inactivated hepatitis A vaccine]. / Sravnitel;noe izuchenie reaktogennosti, bezopasnosti i immunoennosti inaktivirovannykh vaktsin protiv gepatita A "Havrix".

This paper sums up the results of controlled field clinical trials of adult and childhood variants of Harvix, inactivated vaccine from hepatitis A. The vaccine is weakly reactogenic and safe. After a single injection of Harvix-1440 vaccine to adults the percentage of seroconversions in previously seronegative individuals was 80.6%, with the mean geometrical antibody titer 119 mIU/ml. In children aged 3-10 years the percentage of seroconversions after a single injection of Harvix-720 vaccine was 100%, the mean geometrical of antibody titer being 427 mIU/ml. Results of laboratory control and field clinical trials recommend both variants of Harvix vaccine for prevention of hepatitis A in the Russian Federation.

[The results of the registration clinical trials of the Act-Hib vaccine manufactured by the firm of Pasteur Mérieux Connaught, France]. / Rezul'taty registratsionnykh klinicheskikh ispytanii vaktsiny "Akt-Khib" proizvodstva firmy "Paster Mer'e Konnot", Frantsiia.

The results of the field trials of the vaccine "Act-Hib" against Haemophilus influenzae of type b, presented for registration by Pasteur Mérieux Connaught (France), are summarized. The vaccine was found to have low reactogenicity and high immunological effectiveness. A single injection of the vaccine induced the formation of the protective level of anti-PRP antibodies in 94% of the immunized children aged 1-4 years. After immunization the mean geometric titers of specific antibodies increased sixfold in comparison with the initial level and were equal to 3.4 mu/ml. On the basis of the data of laboratory control and field clinical trials the vaccine "Act-Hib" was registered in the Russian Federation and permission and its practical use in the public health service of the country was permitted.

[A cultured concentrated inactivated vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis studied during the immunization of children and adolescents]. / Izuchenie kul'tural'noi kontsentrirovannoi inaktivirovannoi vaktsiny protiv kleshchevogo éntsefalita pri immunizatsii detei i podrostkov.

The word deals with the results obtained in the study of the reactogenicity and immunological activity of concentrated and inactivated tissue-culture tick-borne encephalitis vaccine, manufactured by the Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, in the immunization of children and adolescents. The vaccine proved to be moderately reactogenic and exhibited pronounced immunological activity. In 91.5% of the immunized children the fourfold increase of the antibody level was observed. On the basis of the data obtained in this study the tick-borne encephalitis vaccine was recommended for use in medical practice for the prophylaxis of tick-borne encephalitis among children and adolescents.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of influenza trivalent polymer subunit vaccine "Grippol"]. / Otsenka éffektivnosti grippoznoi trivalentnoi polimer-sub"edinichnoi vaktsiny "grippol".

Influenza polymer-subunit vaccine "Grippol", made up of the sterile conjugate of surface proteins of influenza viruses, groups A and B, with polyoxidonium (copolymer), was obtained at the State Scientific Centre of Research Institute of Immunology. As the result of our investigations, the coefficient of prophylactic effectiveness of vaccine "Grippol" was found to be 71%; in the presence of the 50% immune stratum in the group the coefficient of antiepidemic protection was found to be 66.4%. At the same time, cases of influenza and acute respiratory diseases were shown to take a milder form in persons immunized with vaccine "Grippol" than in the group of nonimmunized subjects. The results of this investigation did not show any side effects caused by the vaccine.

[Hep-A-in-Vac, a Russian cultured concentrated inactivated vaccine against hepatitis A]. / Izuchenie otechestvennoi kul'tural'noi kontsentrirovannoi inaktivirovannoi vaktsiny protiv gepatita A "Gep-A-in-Vak".

The results of the study of the reactogenicity, safety and immunological activity of Russian cultural vaccine against hepatitis A are presented. The vaccine was found to have specific safety, moderate reactogenicity and pronounced immunological activity. In addition, the study of the prophylactic efficiency of the vaccine in the pre-epidemic period of the outbreak of hepatitis A morbidity in a group exceeding 14,000 adults was carried out. The study revealed high prophylactic efficiency of the vaccine (its efficiency rate was equal to 97.7%). On the basis of materials thus obtained vaccine "Hep-A-in-Vac" was recommended for use in medical practice for the prophylaxis of hepatitis A among adults.

[Nutritional status of patients with various disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. Epidemiologic single study]. / Osobennosti pitaniia naseleniia s razlichnymi narusheniiami uglevodnogo obmena.

When studying a nutrition status of patients with disturbance of carbohydrates tolerance and diabetes, high correlation between intake of carbohydrates, body mass, lipid and carbohydrates metabolism and blood pressure was found.

[The efficacy of recombinant vaccines against hepatitis B and the results of their use in a schedule for pediatric prophylactic inoculations]. / Effektivnost' rekombinantnykh vaktsin protiv gepatita B i rezul'taty ikh primeneniia v kalendare detskikh profilakticheskikh privivok.

The results of field clinical trials of Russian and American yeast vaccines against hepatitis B are presented. The study revealed that both vaccines were faintly reactogenic, safe and exhibited high immunological activity. After the full course of immunization following the schedule 0-1-2 months 92.5% and 97.5% of patients receiving, respectively. Russian vaccine "Combiotech" and American vaccine "H-B-Vax II" were found to have specific antibodies. The maximum effect was registered when the vaccines were introduced according to the schedule 0-1-6 months. Seroconversions were observed in 97.5% and 100% of the vaccinees receiving the Russian and American vaccines respectively, in the latter case the highest antibody level being observed. The use of the vaccines within the prophylactic immunization schedule showed that antibodies to hepatitis B appeared in immunized children in 93-100% of cases. Seroconversion indices and the levels of antibodies to diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis and measles were statistically significant and were the same in children receiving only the vaccines according to the immunization schedule and in children immunized, in addition to these vaccines, against hepatitis B.

[Comparative study of inactivated cultured vaccines against tick-borne encephalitis manufactured in Russia and in Austria by the "Immuno" firm]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie inaktivirovannykh kul'tural'nykh vaktsin protiv kleshchevogo 7entsefalita otechestvennogo proizvodstva i proizvodstva firmy "Immuno" (Avstriia).

Inactivated culture vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) FSME-Immun-Inject produced in Austria ("Immuno") was compared to vaccine produced in the Institute of Poliomyelitis and viral encephalitis by immunological activity, safety, reactogenicity. In mice, no significant differences in protective activity of the vaccines were found when test-strains were diverse strains of TBE virus. Seroconversion in the sera from the vaccinated two times was not significantly different by the level of antibodies determined for both eastern and western serotypes of TBE virus.

[Russian recombinant vaccine against hepatitis B (results of controlled trials)]. / Otechestvennaia rekombinantnaia vaktsina protiv gepatita B (rezul'taty kontroliruemykh ispytanii).

Two yeast recombinant vaccines were compared: the Russian hepatitis B Combiotech vaccine in a dose of 20 mg and the Recombivax-HB vaccine in a dose of 10 mg manufactured in the USA (Merk, Sharp and Dohme Ltd.). Both agents were found safe and low reactogenic. After a course of 3 vaccinations with the Russian vaccine 92.5 to 97.5% subjects vaccinated after the 0-1-2 months and 0-1-6 months protocols had high levels of specific antibodies. In the group vaccinated with the American vaccine, antibodies to HBsAg were found in the sera of 95 to 100% subjects. These results demonstrate high immunological activity of both Russian and American vaccines.

[The clinical efficacy of Korinfar-retard in combination with Cordanum, triampur and Capoten in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Klinicheskaia éffektivnost' korinfar-retard v sochetanii s kordanumom, triampurom, kapotenom u bol'nykh s arterial'noi gipertoniei.

Corinfar-retard as a base of different combinations with triampur, Cordanum, Capoten were studied in 52 patients with stable arterial hypertension (systolic pressure > 180 mm Hg, diastolic pressure > 105 mm Hg). In the above combinations pharmacokinetics of corinfar-retard did not change. Good response was noted in corinfar-retard combination with Cordanum in patients with moderate hemodynamic changes, hypertonicity of sympathoadrenal system, tachycardia. In patients with impaired myocardial contractility, elevated total peripheral vascular resistance, noticeable hypotensive effects was registered in combination with triampur. The absence of hypotensive effect in the above combination required the addition of Capoten which was absolutely indicated in patients with stable increase in plasma renin activity.

[Diabetes mellitus: its prevalence, relationship to the risk factors for IHD and prognostic importance (an epidemiological study)]. / Sakharnyi diabet: rasprostranennost', sviaz' s faktorami riska IBS, prognosticheskoe znachenie (épidemiologicheskoe issledovanie).

Sample examination of the population aged 25-64 basing on the disease history, fasting blood glucose test, glucose tolerance test, WHO criteria, diabetes mellitus was found in 6% of males and 6.9% of females. Only 2.7% of males and 3.1% of females were aware of their disease. Glucose tolerance test discovered abnormal carbohydrate tolerance in 5.6% and 13.3% of male and female examinees, respectively. Thus, a total of 12.2% of males and 20.2% of females had various disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. Diabetes mellitus patients had often hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, hypertension, low 10-year survival.