ABSTRACT
Four ellagic acid rhamnosides were isolated from the stem bark of Eucalyptus globulus. Their structures have been established on the basis of the analysis of their 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HMBC, IR and MS spectral data. The HMBC data of these compounds were most useful for their structure determinations, with these bring determined to be 3-O-methylellagic acid 3'-O-alpha-rhamnopyranoside, 3-O-methylellagic acid 3'-O-alpha-3''-O-acetylrhamnopyranoside, 3-O-methylellagic acid 3'-O-alpha-2''-O-acetylrhamnopyranoside, 3-O-methylellagic acid 3'-O-alpha-4''-O-acetylrhamnopyranoside, respectively. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated by measuring the inhibition of lipid peroxidation using rat liver microsomes, with IC50 values of 10.0-14.0 microg/ml.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Ellagic Acid/chemistry , Ellagic Acid/isolation & purification , Eucalyptus/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Biological Factors/chemistry , Biological Factors/isolation & purification , Biological Factors/pharmacology , Ellagic Acid/pharmacology , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Plant Extracts , Plant Stems/chemistry , Rats , Rhamnose/chemistryABSTRACT
Twelve compounds with lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were isolated from the stem bark of E. globulus. Their structures were assigned as a new aromatic monoterpene (1) and eleven known compounds, pinoresinol (2), vomifoliol (3), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol 1-O-beta-D-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (4), methyl gallate (5), rhamnazin (6), rhamnetin (7), eriodictyol (8), quercetin (9), taxifolin (10), engelitin (11), and catechin (12) on the basis of UV, mass, and NMR spectroscopic analyses. These compounds except vomifoliol significantly inhibited lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsome.
Subject(s)
Eucalyptus/chemistry , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Plants, Medicinal , Animals , In Vitro Techniques , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mass Spectrometry , Microsomes, Liver/drug effects , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Plant Epidermis/chemistry , Plant Stems/chemistry , Rats , Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredABSTRACT
This manuscript introduces to the podiatric community the Truncated Cone Reamer (TCR) System for precise fashioning of the first metatarsal and proximal phalanx for a first metatarsophalangeal joint peg-in-hole type arthrodesis. As the name of the system suggests, the device reams out a truncated male cone at the metatarsal head and a corresponding female cone at the phalangeal base in the desired position. There is congruous cancellous bony contact at all apposing surfaces of the truncated cone for bony consolidation. The peg-in-hole intrinsically confers the arthrodesis stability. The authors present a step-by-step use of the TCR system, and a 1 year follow-up case study in which the TCR system was used as a template.