Actinomortierella wolfii: Identity and pathology.

Actinomortierella wolfii (Mortierellales), formerly Mortierella wolfii, is a causative agent of bovine systemic infection and abortion. Human infections caused by this species are extremely rare. Here, we present a case of a patient with B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) who was diagnosed with a rhinocerebral infection caused by this fungus. Amphotericin treatment of the patient proved unsuccessful. This type of disease is otherwise nearly exclusively limited to members of the order Mucorales. The taxonomy of the causative agent is discussed.

A rare case of Escherichia coli and Rhizopus sinusitis complicated with pneumocephalus, E. coli psoas abscess and sepsis.

Sinusitis is a common ailment a clinician comes across in their day-to-day practice. Simple as it may sound, it may become a very debilitating condition depending on the comorbidities of the patient and the organism involved. Rhizopus and Escherichia coli are less common organisms to affect the sinuses, but they are more common in immunocompromised patients such as patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Rhizopus can be a very debilitating infection as it erodes into the bone and blood vessels resulting in tissue necrosis. However, coinfection of both of these organisms is a very rare occurrence. Psoas abscess is also a less common infection in the immunocompetent patients but it is more common among the immunocompromised patients. It is extremely rare for both of these organisms to cause sinusitis in one patient, and for E. coli to simultaneously infect two different sites in the same patient. We report a case where a diabetic patient who had E. coli and Rhizopus coinfected sinusitis with simultaneous E. coli psoas abscess was successfully managed. The Rhizopus was treated with liposomal amphotericin B for 16 weeks while E. coli was treated with IV Meropenum. Furthermore, pneumocephalus is a condition that usually occurs following head trauma but the patient we are reporting developed pneumocephalus following Rhizopus sinusitis, which was treated with high-flow oxygen.

Rhinofacial Conidiobolomycosis: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Conidiobolomycosis is an uncommon, chronic, localized subcutaneous mycosis primarily affecting rhinofacial region. It is reported mainly from tropical and subtropical countries. The condition is underreported due to the lack of clinical suspicion and usually mismanaged. This rare mycosis is due to the genus Conidiobolus within the order Entomophthorales of class Zygomycetes. Here we present 3 cases of rhinofacial conidiobolomycosis in otherwise healthy adults from different parts of Sri Lanka over 1-year period. All patients had disfiguring subcutaneous lesions in the rhinofacial area. The diagnoses were based on isolation of Conidiobolus coronatus in clinical specimens.

Mycetoma due to Madurella mycetomatis.

Mycetoma is a progressive destructive disease causing severe disability, if untreated, in otherwise healthy people. Susceptible populations are usually adult males and disease is characterized by the triad of tumor formation, presence of grains and draining sinuses. Here, we report a case of mycetoma of a young female, manifested only as a painful swelling over left ankle which was initially suspected as a malignancy. The preliminary diagnosis of mycetoma came with the presence of characteristic "dot in circle" sign in radiological evaluation which was confirmed by the positive fungal culture of 2nd biopsy for M. mycetomatis.