mRNA vaccine development and applications: A special focus on tumors (Review).

Cancer is characterized by unlimited proliferation and metastasis, and traditional therapeutic strategies usually result in the acquisition of drug resistance, thus highlighting the need for more personalized treatment. mRNA vaccines transfer the gene sequences of exogenous target antigens into human cells through transcription and translation to stimulate the body to produce specific immune responses against the encoded proteins, so as to enable the body to obtain immune protection against said antigens; this approach may be adopted for personalized cancer therapy. Since the recent coronavirus pandemic, the development of mRNA vaccines has seen substantial progress and widespread adoption. In the present review, the development of mRNA vaccines, their mechanisms of action, factors influencing their function and the current clinical applications of the vaccine are discussed. A focus is placed on the application of mRNA vaccines in cancer, with the aim of highlighting unique advances and the remaining challenges of this novel and promising therapeutic approach.

The role of IL-6 in coronavirus, especially in COVID-19.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects both people and animals and may cause significant respiratory problems, including lung illness: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Swabs taken from the throat and nose of people who have the illness or are suspected of having it have shown this pathogenic virus. When SARS-CoV-2 infects the upper and lower respiratory tracts, it may induce moderate to severe respiratory symptoms, as well as the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6). COVID-19-induced reduction of IL-6 in an inflammatory state may have a hitherto undiscovered therapeutic impact. Many inflammatory disorders, including viral infections, has been found to be regulated by IL-6. In individuals with COVID-19, one of the primary inflammatory agents that causes inflammatory storm is IL-6. It promotes the inflammatory response of virus infection, including the virus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, and provides a new diagnostic and therapeutic strategy. In this review article, we highlighted the functions of IL-6 in the coronavirus, especially in COVID-19, showing that IL-6 activation plays an important function in the progression of coronavirus and is a rational therapeutic goal for inflammation aimed at coronavirus.

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Possible Therapeutic Strategies in Synovial Sarcoma.

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an epithelial-differentiated malignant stromal tumor that has the highest incidence in young people and can occur almost anywhere in the body. Many noncoding RNAs are involved in the occurrence, development, or pathogenesis of SS. In particular, the role of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in SS is receiving increasing attention. MiRNA is a noncoding RNA abundant in cells and extracellular serums. Increasing evidence suggests that miRNA has played a significant role in the incidence and development of tumors in recent years, including sarcomas. Previous studies show that various sarcomas have their unique miRNA expression patterns and that various miRNA expression profiles can illustrate the classes of miRNAs that may elicit cancer-relevant activities in specific sarcoma subtypes. Furthermore, SS has been reported to have the most number of differentially expressed miRNAs, which indicated that miRNA is linked to SS. In fact, according to many publications, miRNAs have been shown to have a role in the development and appearance of SS in recent years, according to many publications. Since many studies showing that various miRNAs have a role in the development and appearance of SS in recent years have not been systematically summarized, we summarize the recent studies on the relationship between miRNA and SS in this review. For example, miR-494 promotes the development of SS via modulating cytokine gene expression. The role of miR-494-3p as a tumor suppressor is most likely linked to the CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor 4) regulator, although the exact mechanism is unknown. Our review aims to reveal in detail the potential biological value and clinical significance of miRNAs for SS and the potential clinical value brought by the association between SS and miRNAs.

Novel Insight of CircRNAs in Cervical Cancer: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Target.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a prominent cancer around the globe, with a high incidence, and fatality rate. Numerous recent investigations have shown that various non-coding RNAs are associated with the progression of CC. Circular RNAs, a novel class of non-coding RNAs, have a single chain covalent closed-loop structure and are involved in cell growth and other physiological processes. These dysregulated circRNAs seem to have environment-specific functions. They have been demonstrated in certain studies to have a dual involvement in oncogene production and tumor inhibition in different cell settings. Simultaneously, some evidence indicates that circRNAs are abnormally expressed in CC and contributes to its progression. Thus, the distinctive expression profile of circRNAs is associated with the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcomes of CC. We summarized numerous CC-specific circles and their function in revealing the molecular processes of carcinogenesis and progression in CC in this review. Taken together, these data suggest that circRNA may be used as an early detection biomarker and potential therapeutic target in patients with CC.

Health Digital Divide in the Era of Precision Healthcare: Taking Yunnan Province as an Example.

With healthcare coming into the era of Precision Healthcare, it will facilitate the development of health informatics from information processing, integration, analysis, application and other uses. If we ignore the e-health development of developing areas, it will bring a health digital divide. This study takes Yunnan province as an example, and analyzes the problems of e-health development in a developing area, hoping to get more attention from researchers and regulators.