ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the study was to identify the most frequent isolates from female outpatients with urinary tract infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The retrospective study was performed at the Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Virology Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo in period of 2015. The most frequent isolates were determined in 405 first urine samples from female outpatients of Hrasno community in Sarajevo, B&H. Identification of isolates was performed by the standard microbiological testing and the standard methods of descriptive statistics as well. RESULTS: E. coli was identified with the frequency of (67.21%), followed by Proteus spp. (9.83%), Enterococcus faecalis (7.37%) and Enterobacter (5.73%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas spp. were found in (2.45%), while the frequency of Klebsiella spp., Streptococcus spp. and Acinetobacter spp. was lower (1.63%). CONCLUSIONS: The isolated strains of E. coli pointed the highest frequency among female outpatients of Hrasno community.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for a wide spectrum of nosocomial and community associated infections worldwide. The aim of this study was to analyze MRSA strains from the general population in Canton Sarajevo, B&H. METHODS: Our investigation including either phenotypic and genotypic markers such as antimicrobial resistance, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), SCC typing, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) detection. RESULTS: Antimicrobial susceptibility: all MRSA isolates were resistant to the ß-lactam antibiotics tested, and all isolates were susceptible trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole, rifampicin, fusidic acid, linezolid and vancomycin. Sixty-eight per cent of the MRSA isolates were resistant to erythromycin, 5% to clindamycin, 5% to gentamicin and 4% to ciprofloxacin. After the PFGE analysis, the isolates were grouped into five similarity groups: A-E. The largest number of isolates belonged to one of two groups: C: 60 (60%) and D: 27 (27%). In both groups C and D, SCCmec type IV was predominant (60% and 88, 8%, respectively). A total of 24% of the isolates had positive expression of PVL genes, while 76% showed a statistically significantly greater negative expression of PVL genes. CONCLUSION: SCCmec type IV, together with the susceptibility profile and PFGE grouping, is considered to be typical of CA-MRSA.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli strains isolated from urine in outpatient population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study for tree months period, between January 1(st) and March 31(st), 2015, at the Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo. We determined the E. coli antimicrobial resistance in 556 first urine samples from outpatient population of Hrasno community in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. E. coli is the most frequent agent causing urinary tract infections in outpatients as well. The standard methods of descriptive statistics were performed for data analysis. RESULTS: We observed the highest antimicrobial resistance of E. coli for ampicillin (82,79%), followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (40,86%), nalidixic acid (19,35%), cephazolin (7,52%), nitrofurantoin (5,37%), gentamicin (2,15%) and ciprofloxacin (4,30%). CONCLUSIONS: The results of study showed that E. coli has the highest resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in outpatient population of Hrasno community.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the presence of antimicrobial resistance / susceptibility strains of Escherichia coli in inpatients and outpatients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a retrospective study carried out at the Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Virology Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo. In cooperation with the Microbiological laboratory of the Cantonal Hospital Zenica and the Microbiological laboratory of the General Hospital Tesanj, 3863 urine samples were processed in the period from March 1st to March 31st 2016. RESULTS: Our study showed that E. coli had the highest antimicrobial resistance to trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (38.61%), followed by amoxicillin / clavulanic acid (19.62%), ciprofloxacin (9.49%), gentamicin (8.86%), cephalexin (8.23%), nitrofurantoin (8.23%), cefuroxime (7.52%), ceftazidime (6.33%), cefuroxime (89.87%), amikacin (4.43%). CONCLUSIONS: The isolated strains of E. coli showed the highest resistance to trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin / clavulanic acid. The isolated strains of E. coli showed the greatest susceptibility to amikacin and ceftazidime. Gender distribution of positive E. coli isolates showed statistically significant differences in favor of females.