ABSTRACT
In Burkina Faso, although children are sometimes separated from adults in prisons, they still live in the same conditions of overcrowding, which can reach 180% of the capacity. The aim of our study was to describe living conditions, nutritional status, and morbidity of children in detention centers of Burkina Faso. The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive study is to describe the social and health conditions of children held in 20 detention centers in Burkina Faso. During the study period, 109 children, with a mean age of 16.3 years, were examined in 20 correction centers. The main reason for incarceration was theft (66% cases, n = 72). Detention exceeded more than one month for 76 children (70%), and 59% (N = 46) had had fewer than one visit per month since their incarceration. Of these 20 facilities, 6 had no separate quarters for children. The main symptoms and diseases encountered in these children were fever in 19% of the cases (N = 16), macroscopic hematuria in 13% (N = 11), urinary tract infection in 12% (N = 10) and diarrhea in 12% (N = 10). These results show that there is a need to take preventive measures to protect these children's health, especially by improving the quality of living conditions in detention center.
Subject(s)
Health Status , Nutritional Status , Prisons , Social Conditions , Adolescent , Burkina Faso , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Infective endocarditis is a transplant of a microorganism on a most often injured endocardium. It is rare in children. This work aimed to determine the frequency of endocarditis of the child, to describe clinical presentation, data from echocardiography, microbiological profile and clinical course. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From May 1 2010 to April 30 2011, we consecutively included children received for infective endocarditis in two medical centers in the city of Ouagadougou: Saint-Camille medical center and teaching hospital Yalgado-Ouedraogo. We investigated the functional and general signs and treatment already received. The physical examination looking for an infectious syndrome, pneumonia, heart failure and entrance doors. Blood cultures, blood count, creatinine, blood chemistry, HIV status, electrocardiogram, chest radiography and cardiac Doppler ultrasound were systematic. The diagnosis of the disease was based on Duke criteria. RESULTS: Nineteen endocarditis in children were reported, that is 1.7% of admissions. The average age was 4.7 ± 2.6 years (extremes: 1 and 14). The sex ratio was 1.7 for girls. The clinical presentation was a common infectious syndrome. Impaired general condition and congestive heart failure were present on admission in six cases, respectively. The front door was dental in nine cases (47.4%), skin in four cases (21%) and ENT in three cases (15.8%). A peripheral vein was implicated in one case. In the two other cases, no front door had been found. HIV serology was positive in four cases. As for the blood cultures, they were positive in 13 cases. The germs found were Streptococcus in 10 cases and staphylococcus in three cases. Echocardiography had revealed vegetations in 18 cases. These vegetations were localized on the mitral in nine cases. Multiple locations were found in four cases. Underlying heart disease was dominated by rheumatic valve disease (68.4%), healthy heart forms were found in two cases. Treatment consisted of antibiotics, antipyretic treatment and that of heart failure as appropriate. The evolution was marked by five deaths (26.3%) in an array of septic shock. Death was more important in congenital heart disease. CONCLUSION: Infective endocarditis of the child is common in our practice. The clinical syndrome is common infectious. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are the two germs found. The main door is dental. Hence, dental care should be promoted for better prevention of infective endocarditis in our context.
Subject(s)
Endocarditis/epidemiology , Adolescent , Africa South of the Sahara , Burkina Faso , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Endocarditis/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Infant , MaleABSTRACT
The CS child, aged 9, is evacuated from a health center located 200km away from Ouagadougou (capital of BF) for decompensated heart failure. Clinically we noted a syndrome of congestive heart failure. No obvious cause has been found outside of the advancing age of parents (50 years) and the potential risks of rubella infection. A Doppler echocardiography revealed a fistula aorto-pulmonary 17mm wide associated with a pericardial effusion of average circumferential abundance and a dilation of the left ventricular. Pulmonary radiography showed a large cardiomegaly and left pleurisy. The discovery of congenital heart disease between 2 and 4 years is very rare but the prognosis is good with surgical treatment.
L'enfant C.S âgée de 9 ans est évacuée d'une formation sanitaire située à 200km de Ouagadougou (capitale du BF) pour cardiopathie décompensée. Cliniquement est noté un syndrome d'insuffisance cardiaque globale. Aucune cause évidente n'est retrouvée en dehors de l'âge avancé des parents (50 ans environ) et des risques potentiels d'infection rubéolique. L'échocardiographie Doppler révèle une fistule aorto-pulmonaire large de 17mm associée à un épanchement péricardique de moyenne abondance circonférentielle et une dilatation du ventricule gauche. La radiographie pulmonaire a noté une volumineuse cardiomégalie et une pleurésie gauche. Cette cardiopathie congénitale de découverte habituelle entre 2 et 4 ans est très rare et de pronostic favorable avec le traitement chirurgical.
ABSTRACT
CA, 14 old years, female, born last uterine siblings of 9 children, 4 died of various causes, was admitted in the pediatric service of CHU-YO for functional impairment of the lower limbs. Physical examination revealed swelling and deformation harsh, uneven surfaces, the circumferential upper and lower limbs and lumbar spine associated with spastic paraplegia. Sphincter disturbances accompany this clinical picture. The radiographic bone marrow hypertrophy individually with images of exostosis at the epiphyses. Multiple exostosis or BESSEF Hogen's disease is rare and has a reserve functional prognosis because of outcome of low spinal cord compression and vascular compression. We felt it appropriate to bring this case discovered during our clinical practice because of its rarity and the risk of malignant degeneration.
CA, âgée de 14 ans, de sexe féminin, dernière née d'une fratrie utérine de 9 enfants dont 4 sont décédés de causes diverses, est admise dans le service de pédiatrie du CHU-YO pour impotence fonctionnelle des membres inférieurs. L'examen physique révèle des déformations et des tuméfactions dures, à surfaces irrégulières, circonférentielles aux membres inférieurs et supérieurs et au rachis dorsolombaire associées à une paraplégie spasmodique. Des troubles sphinctériens accompagnent ce tableau clinique.La radiographie osseuse individualise une hypertrophie osseuse avec des images d'exostose au niveau des épiphyses.Affection rare, l'exostose ou maladie des exostoses multiples de BESSEF HOGEN a un pronostic fonctionnel réservé du fait des compressions médullaires basses et vasculaires. Nous avons jugé opportun de rapporter ce cas découvert lors de notre pratique clinique à cause de sa rareté et du risque de dégénérescence maligne.