ABSTRACT
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) develops in 1-8% of patients with AIDS, for which it is a disease-defining condition. PML presents mainly in severely immunocompromised male intravenous drug users, having viral loads greater than log5 RNA copies/mL and CD4 populations lower than 150 cells/mm3. Death of AIDS patients with PML occurred after only 4 to 6 months before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART), the only ones that have shown to prolong survival. Viral hepatitis is not the only liver condition affecting patients with AIDS, opportunistic infections and neoplasms, such as lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma, as well as biliary disease are also encountered but, fortunately, they are currently less frequent as a result of the new antiretroviral treatments. The risks of HAART hepatotoxicity in patients with hepatitis B or C have been studied by several groups.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/etiology , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatitis C/complications , Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/etiology , HumansSubject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/etiology , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/complications , Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Adult , Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology , Fatal Outcome , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/drug therapy , Humans , Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/diagnosis , Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/immunology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the gastrointestinal tract associated to endometriosis is an uncommon cause of chronic pseudo-obstruction and malabsortion. The case of a 32-year-old woman who suffered from this syndrome for one a half years is described. Diagnosis was achieved by laparotomy, which disclosed swelling and inflammation of the 30 cm terminal yeyunal portion. Removal of the involved intestine and side-to-side anastomosis were performed. The pathological findings were: follicular lymphoid hyperplasia with mucosal ulcers an fissures inflammatory pseudo-polyps, chronic deep enteritis and areas of endometriosis. A favourable outcome followed surgery.
Subject(s)
Castleman Disease/complications , Endometriosis/complications , Gastrointestinal Diseases/complications , Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction/etiology , Adult , Castleman Disease/diagnosis , Castleman Disease/surgery , Chronic Disease , Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Endometriosis/diagnosis , Endometriosis/surgery , Female , Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Diseases/surgery , Humans , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction/diagnosis , Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study compared 23 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 28 non-diabetic control subjects, seeking for associations between NIDDM and other cardiovascular risk factors. The relationship of the glycemic control with the risk factor profile was also assessed. RESULTS: The most outstanding results were: The diabetic group showed higher values in the proportion of subjects with diabetes family history (P < 0.01) and the levels of systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05), total cholesterol (P < 0.05), triglyceridemia (P < 0.001), and total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio (P < 0.01). Within the diabetic group, a positive correlation (r = 0.68, P < 0.001) was found between the percent of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and the 24-hour urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER). CONCLUSION: We conclude that NIDDM associates to other cardiovascular risk factors. The correlation of HbA1c with UAER suggests a possible relationship between poor diabetic control and some of the secondary diabetic complications.
Subject(s)
Albuminuria/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Adult , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/urine , Female , Hemodynamics , Humans , Hypertension/etiology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Linear Models , Male , Middle Aged , Risk FactorsSubject(s)
Brucellosis/diagnosis , Heparin , Rose Bengal , Drug Interactions , False Positive Reactions , HumansABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: We analyze retrospectively 132 cases of brucellosis evaluating the performance of diagnostic procedures, complications and serological and clinical evolution. We compare the 74 patients treated with streptomycin plus tetracycline versus the 41 patients treated with doxycycline plus rifampicin. The more outstanding results we find: a) Great sensibility of the rose bengal test; b) Higher relapse rate in the more severe cases (p less than 0.01); c) Good evolution with scarce relapse rate in both treatment groups; agglutination titers were lower at one year in the group treated with doxycycline plus rifampicin (p less than 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both treatments showed good efficacy, controlled studies would be needed to determine the most adequate one.