Cytokinin catabolism and transport are involved in strigolactone-modulated rice tiller bud elongation fueled by phosphate and nitrogen supply.

Phosphate (P) and nitrogen (N) fertilization affect rice tillering, indicating that P- and N-regulated tiller growth has a crucial effect on grain yield. Cytokinins and strigolactones (SLs) promote and inhibit tiller bud outgrowth, respectively; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, tiller bud outgrowth and cytokinin fractions were evaluated in rice plants fertilized at different levels of P and N. Low phosphate or nitrogen (LP or LN) reduced rice tiller numbers and bud elongation, in line with low cytokinin levels in tiller buds and xylem sap as well as low TCSn:GUS expression, a sensitive cytokinin signal reporter, in the stem base. Furthermore, exogenous cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurin, 6-BA) administration restored bud length and TCSn:GUS activity in LP- and LN-treated plants to similar levels as control plants. The TCSn:GUS activity and tiller bud outgrowth were less affected by LP and LN supplies in SL-synthetic and SL-signaling mutants (d17 and d53) compared to LP- and LN-treated wild-type (WT) plants, indicating that SL modulate tiller bud elongation under LP and LN supplies by reducing the cytokinin levels in tiller buds. OsCKX9 (a cytokinin catabolism gene) transcription in buds and roots was induced by LP, LN supplies and by adding the SL analog GR24. A reduced response of cytokinin fractions to LP and LN supplies was observed in tiller buds and xylem sap of the d53 mutant compared to WT plants. These results suggest that cytokinin catabolism and transport are involved in SL-modulated rice tillering fueled by P and N fertilization.

Role of gut microbiota and metabolomics in the lipid-lowering efficacy of statins among Chinese patients with coronary heart disease and hypercholesterolemia.

Background: Statins, being the primary pharmacological intervention for hypercholesterolemia, exhibit a notable degree of interpatient variability in their effectiveness, which may be associated with gut microbiota. This study sought to identify the biomarkers for evaluating differences in statin efficacy. Methods: A quasi case-control study was conducted among participants with hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease taking rosuvastatin essential. According to the level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), participants was divided into the "Up to standard" (US) group and the "Below standard" (BS) group. 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were applied to detected the information of gut microbiota and related metabolites. Results: A total of 8 US and 8 BS group matched by age and sex were included in the final analysis. 16S rDNA sequencing results indicated that the characteristic strains of the US group were f-Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes and g-Papillibacter, while the characteristic flora of the BS group were o-C0119, g-Pseudolabrys, s-Dyella-Marensis and f-Xanthobacaceae. Metabolomic results suggested that the levels of chenodeoxycholic acid-3-ß-D-glucuronide, 1-methylnicotinamide and acetoacetate in stool samples of the US group were significantly higher than those of the BS group. By identifying the differentially abundant bacterial taxa, the gut microbiota could modulate the efficacy of statins through producing enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the difference in statin efficacy may be related to gut microbiota strains that can produce short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids and affect the efficacy of statins by regulating the activities of cholesterol metabolite-related proteins. Metabolites related to short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids in the gut are expected to be biomarkers indicating the efficacy of statins.

MXene-based fibers: Preparation, applications, and prospects.

With the vigorous development and huge demand for portable wearable devices, wearable electronics based on functional fibers continue to emerge in a wide range of energy storage, motion monitoring, disease prevention, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, etc. MXene, as an emerging two-dimensional inorganic compound, has shown great potential in functional fiber manufacturing and has attracted much research attention due to its own good mechanical properties, high electrical conductivity, excellent electrochemical properties and favorable processability. Herein, this paper reviews recent advances of MXene-based fibers. Speaking to MXene dispersions, the properties of MXene dispersions including dispersion stability, rheological properties and liquid crystalline properties are highlighted. The preparation techniques used to produce MXene-based fibers and application progress regarding MXene-based fibers into supercapacitors, sensors, EMI shielding and Joule heaters are summarized. Challenges and prospects surrounding the development of MXene-based fibers are proposed in future. This review aims to provide processing guidelines for MXene-based fiber manufacturing, thereby achieving more possibilities of MXene-based fibers in advanced applications with a view to injecting more vitality into the field of smart wearables.

Correction: Li et al. Optimizing Soil Health and Sorghum Productivity through Crop Rotation with Quinoa. Life 2024, 14, 745.

The author Wenbin Bai has been changed to the second corresponding author [...].

A cryptic site in class 5 epitope of SARS-CoV-2 RBD maintains highly conservation across natural isolates.

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants raises concerns about the efficacy of existing COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics. Previously, we identified a conserved cryptic class 5 epitope of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) by two cross-neutralizing antibodies 7D6 and 6D6. Intriguingly, this site remains resistant to substantial mutations occurred in ever-changing SARS-CoV-2 subvariants. As compared to class 3 antibody S309, 6D6 maintains broad and consistent neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Furthermore, 6D6 effectively protected hamster from the virulent Beta strain. Sequence alignment of approximately 6 million documented SARS-CoV-2 isolates revealed that 6D6 epitope maintains an exceptionally high conservation rate (99.92%). Structural analysis demonstrated that all 33 mutations accumulated in XBB.1.5 since the original strain do not perturb the binding 6D6 to RBD, in line with the sequence analysis throughout the antigenicity evolution of SARS-CoV-2. These findings suggest the potential of this epitope serving as a critical determinant for vaccines and therapeutic design.

Inhibitors and PROTACs of CDK2: challenges and opportunities.

INTRODUCTION: Abundant evidence suggests that the overexpression of CDK2-cyclin A/E complex disrupts normal cell cycle regulation, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. Thus, CDK2 has become a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In recent years, insights into the structures of the CDK2 catalytic site and allosteric pockets have provided notable opportunities for developing more effective clinical candidates of CDK2 inhibitors. AREA COVERED: This article reviews the latest CDK2 inhibitors that have entered clinical trials and discusses the design and discovery of the most promising new preclinical CDK2 inhibitors in recent years. Additionally, it summarizes the development of allosteric CDK2 inhibitors and CDK2-targeting PROTACs. The review encompasses strategies for inhibitor and PROTAC design, structure-activity relationships, as well as in vitro and in vivo biological assessments. EXPERT OPINION: Despite considerable effort, no CDK2 inhibitor has yet received FDA approval for marketing due to poor selectivity and observed toxicity in clinical settings. Future research must prioritize the optimization of the selectivity, potency, and pharmacokinetics of CDK2 inhibitors and PROTACs. Moreover, exploring combination therapies incorporating CDK2 inhibitors with other targeted agents, or the design of multi-target inhibitors, presents significant promise for advancing cancer treatment strategies.

Faecal contamination in China: Trends, sources, and driving mechanisms.

Faecal contamination of surface waters is a global public health and economic burden. Here, we constructed a 30-year dataset to analyse the spatiotemporal trends and driving mechanisms of faecal coliforms (FCs) in China. We found that previous national policies to reduce water pollution have significantly improved the quality of surface water and, correspondingly, faecal contamination. However, the downward trend in FC levels has been more gradual than that for physico-chemical pollutants, and this trend may be exaggerated. Our results show that the driving mechanisms of faecal pollution were seasonal and complex. During the dry season, forests and grasslands were the source landscapes that exacerbated faecal pollution; during the wet season, urbanisation dominated, highlighting China's poorly designed drainage systems. Our projections revealed that faecal contamination will continue to worsen from 2022 to 2035, highlighting the need for pollution control. In the future, faecal indicators should be included in routine monitoring, evaluation, and assessment at the national level. Moreover, coordinated design of forest, grassland, and wetland landscapes is recommended for faecal pollution control at the regional level, whereas stormwater-related source control needs to be further strengthened at the urban level.

The volatile oil of Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. (HVO) ameliorates OVA-induced allergic asthma via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/JNK/P38 signaling pathway and maintaining airway barrier integrity.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss., a classic Uyghur medicine, is used to treat inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma. But the therapeutic effect and mechanism of the volatile oil of Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss.(HVO) in asthma therapy remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: We aim to characterize the constituents of HVO, investigate the therapeutic effect in OVA-induced allergic asthmatic mice and further explore the molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we applied two-dimensional gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-QTOF MS) to identify the ingredients of HVO. We established OVA-induced asthmatic model to investigate the therapeutic effect of HVO. To further explore the potential molecular pathways, we used network pharmacology approach to perform GO and KEGG pathways enrichment, and then built an ingredient-target-pathway network to identify key molecular pathways. Finally, LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and OVA-induced asthmatic model were used to validate the potential signaling pathways. RESULTS: GC × GC-QTOF MS analysis revealed the presence of 123 compounds of HVO. The sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes are the main constituents. The in vivo study indicated that HVO suppressed OVA-induced eosinophilic infiltration in lung tissues, inhibited the elevation of IgE, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels, downregulated the expressions of phosphorylated PI3K, Akt, JNK and P38, and maintained epithelial barrier integrity via reducing the degradation of occludin, Zo-1, Zo-2, and E-cadherin. The in vitro study also revealed an inhibition of NO release and downregulation of phosphorylated PI3K, Akt, JNK and P38 levels. CONCLUSION: HVO alleviates airway inflammation in OVA-induced asthmatic mice by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/JNK/P38 signaling pathway and maintaining airway barrier integrity via reducing the degradation of occludin, Zo-1, Zo-2, and E-cadherin.

Immobilized NRG1 Accelerates Neural Crest like Cell Differentiation Toward Functional Schwann Cells Through Sustained Erk1/2 Activation and YAP/TAZ Nuclear Translocation.

Neural Crest cells (NC) are a multipotent cell population that give rise to a multitude of cell types including Schwann cells (SC) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Immature SC interact with neuronal axons via the neuregulin 1 (NRG1) ligand present on the neuronal surface and ultimately form the myelin sheath. Multiple attempts to derive functional SC from pluripotent stem cells have met challenges with respect to expression of mature markers and axonal sorting. Here, they hypothesized that sustained signaling from immobilized NRG1 (iNRG1) might enhance the differentiation of NC derived from glabrous neonatal epidermis towards a SC phenotype. Using this strategy, NC derived SC expressed mature markers to similar levels as compared to explanted rat sciatic SC. Signaling studies revealed that sustained NRG1 signaling led to yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) activation and nuclear translocation. Furthermore, NC derived SC on iNRG1 exhibited mature SC function as they aligned with rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons in an in vitro coculture model; and most notably, aligned on neuronal axons upon implantation in a chick embryo model in vivo. Taken together their work demonstrated the importance of signaling dynamics in SC differentiation, aiming towards development of drug testing platforms for de-myelinating disorders.

Biomimetic Slippery Surface with Exclusive Liquid-Repellent and Self-Cleaning Properties for Antifouling.

The nature always offers amazing inspiration, where it is highly desirable to endow coatings on marine equipment with powerful functions. An excellent example is slippery zone of Nepenthes pitcher, which possesses novel liquid-repellent and self-cleaning performance. Therefore, this study presents an efficient fabrication method to prepare a novel coating. The coatings were fabricated by designing biomimetic textures extracted from the lunate bodies of slippery zone on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and then grafting Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide (DIP) modifier. The as-prepared slippery coatings exhibited outstanding antifouling properties against kinds of daily life pollutants such as Chlorella and coffee. This synergistic strategy was proposed combined with environmentally friendly modifier grafting and heterogeneous microstructure on the surface to broaden new probabilities for manufacturing slippery coatings with incredible protective functionality.

Laser-Induced Controllable Porosity in Additive Manufacturing Boosts Efficiency of Electrocatalytic Water Splitting.

In laser-based additive manufacturing (AM), porosity and unmelted metal powder are typically considered undesirable and harmful. Nevertheless in this work, precisely controlling laser parameters during printing can intentionally introduce controllable porosity, yielding a porous electrode with enhanced catalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This study demonstrates that deliberate introduction of porosity, typically considered a defect, leads to improved gas molecule desorption, enhanced mass transfer, and increased catalytically active sites. The optimized P-93% electrode displays superior OER performance with an overpotential of 270 mV at 20 mA cm-2. Furthermore, it exhibits remarkable long-term stability, operating continuously for over 1000 h at 10 mA cm-2 and more than 500 h at 500 mA cm-2. This study not only provides a straightforward and mass-producible method for efficient, binder-free OER catalysts but also, if optimized, underscores the potential of laser-based AM driven defect engineering as a promising strategy for industrial water splitting.

Optimizing Soil Health and Sorghum Productivity through Crop Rotation with Quinoa.

Crop rotation has been considered a potential solution to mitigate the negative effects of the continuous cropping of sorghum, including soil quality issues, inadequate plant development, and diminished yield and quality. A two-year field experiment was conducted to compare the effects of sorghum-sorghum continuous cropping and quinoa-sorghum rotation on soil properties and sorghum yield. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Sorghum seeds (Jinza 22) and quinoa seeds ('Jiaqi 1' variety) were used. Soil samples were collected before and during the experiment for the analysis of physicochemical properties. The yield traits of sorghum were measured at maturity. The results showed that soil nutrients and organic matter were higher in the top 0-20 cm soil depth compared to 20-40 cm depth, with significant differences observed between cropping systems. Sorghum-quinoa cropping increased soil total N and organic matter, particularly at the jointing and maturity stages of sorghum. However, the available phosphorus was higher under continuous cropping at all growth stages. Crop rotation significantly improved sorghum yield traits, including spike fresh weight, spike dry weight, grain weight per spike, and grain yield per hectare. A correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between soil total N, organic matter, and sorghum yield. Overall, sorghum-quinoa rotation demonstrated potential for improving soil fertility and enhancing crop productivity compared to continuous cropping, although further studies are needed to explore the long-term effects and optimize management practices.

Lycorine relieves the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis mainly via the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.

Liver fibrosis, a progressive process of fibrous scarring, results from the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM). If left untreated, it often progresses to diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lycorine, a natural alkaloid derived from medicinal plants, has shown diverse bioactivities by targeting JAK2/STAT3 signaling, but its pharmacological effects and potential molecular mechanisms in liver fibrosis remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the pharmacological activity and molecular mechanism of lycorine in anti-hepatic fibrosis. Findings indicate that lycorine significantly inhibited hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation by reducing the expression of α-SMA and collagen-1. In vivo, lycorine treatment alleviated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) -induced mice liver fibrosis, improving liver function, decreasing ECM deposition, and inhibiting fibrosis-related markers' expression. Mechanistically, it was found that lycorine exerts protective activity through the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, as evidenced by transcriptome sequencing technology and small molecule inhibitors. These results underscore lycorine's potential as a therapeutic drug for liver fibrosis.

Social Exclusion and Short Video Addiction: The Mediating Role of Boredom and Self-Control.

Background: Short video apps are very popular among Chinese college students, and some students even rely on them. Most of the current research has focused only on Internet addiction and has seldom focused on the phenomenon of short video addiction. Its influencing factors and formation mechanism are worth exploring. Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between social exclusion and short video addiction among college students and the mediating roles of boredom and self-control. Methods: This study adopted a multistage investigation and investigated 532 college students (39% male; mean age 19.32 ± 1.23 years) with a social exclusion scale, boredom proneness scale, self-control scale, and short video addiction scale. The mediating effect was tested with Process 3.1. Results: The results showed that social exclusion has a positive predictive effect on college student's short video addiction. The impact of social exclusion on college student's short video addiction was mediated by boredom and self-control, and the chained mediation of boredom and self-control. Conclusion: Theoretically, this study modified the I-PACE model, indicating that personal and distant social factors should be considered in individuals with behavioral addictions, such as short video addiction. Practically, the results suggested that schools should reduce peer rejection and improve students' mental health literacy to reduce boredom and enhance self-control, thus effectively preventing short video addiction.

Controllable non-uniformly distributed spiking cluster generation in broadband optoelectronic oscillator.

An approach to achieve controllable non-uniformly distributed spiking cluster generation is proposed and demonstrated based on an externally-triggered broadband optoelectronic oscillator (OEO). The theory of controlling the distribution of the spiking pulses in a spiking cluster is established. Based on the theory, the dynamic and the distribution characteristics are analyzed and revealed in the stable spiking oscillation state under different externally-injected trigger signal voltages. The peak-voltage envelop of the cluster and the interval of the spiking pulses are demonstrated to have an approximate negative linearity relationship with the externally-injected trigger signal voltage in both the numerical simulation and the experiment, where a square waveform, a trapezoidal waveform, a parabola waveform, and a half-sinusoidal waveform are used as the externally-injected trigger signals. The results indicate that the spiking pulse distribution in the generated spiking cluster can be well controlled through tuning the externally-injected trigger signal voltage. The proposed scheme can be utilized in spiking encoding and reservoir computing.

Phase-locked dual-frequency microwave signal generation in an optoelectronic oscillator based on frequency mixing mutual injection.

An approach to generating stable phase-locked dual-frequency microwave signals is proposed and demonstrated based on a dual-passband optoelectronic oscillator (OEO). Mode gain competition is broken by employing frequency mixing mutual injection effect to realize phase locking between the two oscillation signals, which is achieved by applying a single-tone signal to a microwave mixer in the OEO cavity. In addition, a dual-loop configuration with balanced detection is utilized to ensure a high side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) and ultra-low phase noise, which also enhances the stability of the generated signal. In the experiment, a phase-locked dual-frequency microwave signal at 9.9982 GHz and 10.1155 GHz is generated by using the proposed OEO scheme. The SMSR and the phase noise are 75 dB and -141 dBc/Hz@10 kHz, respectively. Additionally, the Allan deviation of the generated signal is in the order of 10-11@1 s. These parameters are superior to those based on the same OEO but with a single-loop configuration, which are also compared in detail.

The development of the biological soil crust regulates the fungal distribution and the stability of fungal networks.

The heterogeneous composition of fungi plays an indispensable role in the foundation of the multifunctionalities of ecosystems within drylands. The precise mechanisms that govern fluctuations in soil fungal assemblages in dryland ecosystems remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, biological soil crusts (biocrusts) at different successional stages in the Gurbantunggut Desert were used as substrates to examine the characteristics and driving factors that influence fungal abundance and community dynamics during biocrust development using qPCR and high-throughput sequencing of the ITS2 region. The findings showed that the physicochemical properties changed significantly with the development of biocrusts. In particular, total nitrogen increased 4.8 times, along with notable increases in ammonium, total phosphorus (2.1 times) and soil organic carbon (6.5 times). Initially, there was a rise in fungal abundance, which was subsequently followed by a decline as the biocrust developed, with the highest abundance detected in lichen crust (2.66 × 107 copies/g soil) and the lowest in bare sand (7.98 × 106 copies/g soil). Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes emerged as dominant phyla, collectively forming 85% of the fungal community. As the biocrust developed, noticeable alterations occurred in fungal community compositions, resulting from changes in the relative proportions of Dothideomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and unclassified ascomycetes. Nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon content, and pH of biocrusts were identified as direct or indirect regulators of fungal abundance and community structure. The complexity of fungal networks increased as biocrusts developed as revealed by network analysis, but reduced in the stability of fungal communities within algal and lichen crusts. Keystone species within the fungal community also underwent changes as biocrust developed. These results suggested that shifts in interspecies relationships among fungi could further contribute to the variation in fungal communities during the development of biocrusts.

The role of small dense LDL-C/large buoyant LDL-C ratio as an independent risk factor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome

Dyslipidemia plays a key role in metabolic syndrome (MS), intricately linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the differences in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) subfraction levels between T2DM and T2DM with MS, and identify the risk factors associated with the disease. A total of 246 individuals diagnosed with T2DM, including 144 T2DM patients with MS, and 147 healthy subjects were recruited. All participants underwent a comprehensive clinical evaluation. Lipoprotein subfraction analysis was performed using the Lipoprint LDL system. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that several lipid markers, including triglyceride (TG), LDL-C, large buoyant LDL-C (lbLDL-C), small dense LDL-C (sdLDL-C), LDLC2-5, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio, were identified as independent risk factors for T2DM. Additionally, TG, sdLDL-C, LDLC-4, LDLC-5, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio were found to be independent risk factors for T2DM with MS. Furthermore, the results of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that sdLDL-C, LDLC-4, LDLC-3, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio exhibited excellent predictive performance for the risk of T2DM (AUC > 0.9). The sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio emerges as a shared independent risk factor for T2DM and MS complications. Furthermore, sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio, along with LDL-4 and LDL-3, exhibits noteworthy predictive capabilities for T2DM.

The Association of Infant Birth Sizes and Anemia under Five Years Old: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study in China.

Infant birth sizes are vital clinical parameters to predict poor growth and micronutrient deficiency in early life. However, their effects on childhood anemia remain unclear. We aimed to explore the associations between birth weight, crown-heel length, and head circumference with anemia in early childhood, as well as potential modification factors. This population-based prospective cohort study included 204,556 participants with singleton live births delivered at gestational ages of 28-42 weeks. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the associations of the measures of infant birth size and their Z-score with anemia under five years old. There were 26,802 (13.10%) children under five years old who were diagnosed has having anemia. Compared with children who did not have anemia, children who had anemia had a lower birth weight and smaller head circumference and a longer crown-heel length (all p-values < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, not only birth weight (ß coefficient, -0.008; 95% CI, -0.011--0.004; p < 0.001) and head circumference (ß coefficient, -0.004; 95% CI, -0.007--0.001; p = 0.009), but also the related Z-scores were negatively associated with childhood anemia, while the trends for crown-heel length were the opposite. We further found significant interactions of folic acid use and maternal occupation with infant birth sizes. In conclusion, infants having abnormal sizes at birth are significantly associated with the risk for childhood anemia, which can be modified by folic acid use during pregnancy and maternal occupation.

Outcomes of Human Leukocyte Antigen-Matched Related Donor and Haploidentical Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Recipients by Immune Profiles of Recipients and Donors.

Haploidentical (Haplo) allogeneic HCTs (alloHCT) have been used more frequently over the last decade as survival is similar to HLA-matched related donor (MRD) alloHCTs. We aimed to identify donor and recipient immune signatures before alloHCT that are associated with clinically meaningful outcomes in MRD vs Haplo alloHCT recipients. This retrospective cohort study of 165 MRD (n = 132) and Haplo (n = 33) alloHCT recipients and their related donors between 2007-2019 with paired peripheral blood samples immunophenotyped for T-cell, B-cell, NK cell and dendritic cell (DC) subsets. Immune cells were quantified before alloHCT in donors and recipients; calculations of immune cell ratios were classified as high, intermediate, and low and analyzed with alloHCT outcomes. Haplo donors were younger than MRD donors (median: 35 vs 51 years), whereas Haplo recipients were older than MRD recipients (median: 68 vs 54 years), were more likely to have a Karnofsky Performance Score ≤ 70 (76% vs 57%), 3+ comorbidities (54% vs 47%), and were in complete remission prior to alloHCT (58% vs 42%). In MRD alloHCT, a lower ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ effector memory cells in the donor was associated with lower 4-yr overall survival (OS; 25% vs 61%; P = .009), lower 4-yr progression free survival (PFS; 25% vs 58%; P = .014) and higher incidence of 1-yr transplant-related mortality (TRM; 39% vs 7%; P = .009) in recipients. A higher ratio of CD8+ effector memory to total NK cells measured in MRD recipients was associated with a higher incidence of grade II-IV aGvHD (63% vs 37%; P = .004) but was not statistically significant for III-IV aGvHD (23% vs 12%). In Haplo alloHCT, a lower ratio of total T-regulatory to CD4+ central memory cells in the donor was associated with lower 4-yr PFS (22% vs 60%; P = .0091). A higher ratio of CD4+ effector memory to CD8+ effector memory cells measured in Haplo recipients pre-alloHCT was associated with lower 4-yr OS (25% vs 88%; P = .0039). In both MRD and Haplo recipients, a higher ratio of CD4+ naïve to CD4+ central memory cells was associated with a higher incidence of grade II-IV aGvHD (64% vs 38%; P = .04). Evaluation of pre-alloHCT immune signatures of the donor and recipient may influence clinically meaningful patient outcomes in both MRD and Haplo transplants.