SUPERMAN Targets PHRAGMOPLAST ORIENTING KINESIN to Negatively Regulate Leaf Cell Division in Poplar.

Plant organs achieve their specific size and shape through the coordination of cell division and cell expansion, processes that are profoundly influenced by environmental cues. Cytokinesis during cell division depends on the position of the cytokinetic wall, but how this process responses to environment fluctuations remains underexplored. Here, we investigated a regulatory module involving C2H2-type zinc finger protein (C2H2-ZFP) in leaf morphology during drought stress. A total of 123 C2H2-ZFP members were identified through a comparative genome survey in Populus alba × P. glandulosa '84K'. Among them, PagSUPa, an orthologous gene of Arabidopsis SUPERMAN, was selected due to its responsiveness to drought stress and was further confirmed to play a role in leaf development. Phenotypic characterization and cellular analysis revealed that PagSUPa fine-tunes the duration of cell proliferation in the adaxial epidermis, thereby influencing leaf morphology by modulating leaf adaxial-abaxial polarity. Additionally, we found that PagSUPa directly suppresses the expression of PHRAGMOPLAST ORIENTING KINESIN1 (PagPOK1) and PagPOK2, genes encoding proteins involved in phragmoplast orientation and position, which results in impaired cytokinesis and cell wall organization. This study provides novel insights into the regulatory network governed by the SUP gene during leaf development, specifically in relation to cell division.

Quality characteristics and fibrous structure formation mechanism of walnut protein and wheat gluten meat analogues during high-moisture extrusion cooking process.

Blending two or more materials to create better high-moisture meat analogues has been actively studied in the food science and technology field. Walnut protein is a high-quality plant-based protein resource, yet its full potential remains underexploited. Thus, this study focused on exploring the quality characteristics and fibrous structure formation mechanism of walnut protein (WP) and wheat gluten (WG) meat analogues during high-moisture extrusion cooking process. Results showed that the optimized WP and WG-blended high-moisture meat analogues exhibited a more pronounced anisotropic and oriented fibrous structure. The blending of WP and WG can protect the molecular chains from the thermal transition, and promote the aggregation of protein molecules mainly by enhancing the interaction between hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds, increasing the apparent viscosity and forming protein subunits with larger molecular weights (>100 kDa) to stabilize the newly formed conformation. Additionally, the content of α-helix was the highest among the secondary structures. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of WG and WP to produce HMMAs with rich fibrous structures.

Optimization of Different Extraction Methods for Phenolic Compound Verbascoside from Chinese Olea europaea Leaves Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Impact on Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities.

Chinese Olea europaea leaves, rich in verbascosides, were extracted using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and wall-breaking extraction (WBE) with deep eutectic solvents (Optimal UAE: 55 min, 200 mL/g liquid-solid ratio, 20% moisture, yielding 206.23 ± 0.58 mg GAE/g total phenolic content (TPC) and 1.59 ± 0.04% verbascoside yield (VAY); Optimal WBE: 140 s, 210 mL/g, 30% moisture, giving 210.69 ± 0.97 mg GAE/g TPC and 1.33 ± 0.2% VAY). HPLC analysis showed that young leaves accumulated higher TPC and phenolic compounds. Among the five olive varieties, Koroneiki and Chemlal showed the highest TPC in UAE, while Arbosana and Chemlal excelled in WBE. WBE yielded a higher TPC and rutin, whereas UAE marginally increased other phenolics. Additionally, the DPPH• assay showed that WBE-extracted verbascoside-rich extracts (VREs) of Chemlal exhibited high antioxidant activity (EC50 of 57 mg/mL), but Koroneiki-VREs exhibited lower activity against the ABTS•+ radical (EC50 of 134 mg/mL). Remarkably, the UAE/WBE-extracted Chemlal-VREs promoted the normal esophageal Het-1A cell line at 25 µg/mL for 24 h; yet, the esophageal cancer Eca-109 cells were sensibly inhibited, especially at 50 µg/mL; and the cell viability decreased dramatically. The results confirmed WBE as a relatively efficient method, and the Chemlal variety may be an excellent source of verbascoside.

Bibliometric study of the application of the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane model in cancer research: the top 100 most cited articles.

The chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model has played a crucial role in various aspects of cancer research. The purpose of this study is to help researchers clarify the research direction and prospects of the CAM model. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on the top 100 most cited articles on use of the CAM model in tumour research, retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Tools such as Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, CiteSpace and Excel were utilized for the visualization network analysis. The 100 articles analysed were mainly from the USA, China and European countries such as Germany and France. Tumour research involving CAM model experiments demonstrated reliability and scientific rigor (average citation count = 156.2). The analysis of keywords, topics and subject areas revealed that the applications of this model ranged from the biological characteristics of tumours to molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, to recent developments in nanotechnology and clinical applications. Additionally, nude mouse experiments have been more frequently performed in recent years. We conclude that the CAM model is efficient, simple and cost-effective, and has irreplaceable value in various aspects of cancer research. In the future, the CAM model can further contribute to nanotechnology research.

Salvage surgery and conversion surgery for patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A narrative review.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. With the development of screening, patient selection and treatment strategies, patients' survival outcomes and living quality significantly improved. However, some patients still have local recurrence or residual tumors after receiving definitive therapies. Salvage surgery has been regarded as an effective option for recurrent or residual NSCLC, but its effectiveness remains undetermined. Furthermore, conversion surgery is a special type of salvage surgery for tumors converted from "initially unresectable" to "potentially resectable" status due to a favorable response to systemic treatments. Although conversion surgery is a promising curative procedure for advanced NSCLC, its concept and clinical value remain unfamiliar to clinicians. In this narrative review, we provided an overview of the safety and efficacy of salvage surgery, especially salvage surgery after sublobar resection in early-stage NSCLC. More importantly, we highlighted the concept and value of conversion surgery after systemic treatment in advanced NSCLC to gain some insights into its role in the treatment of lung cancer.

Diffuse lymphoma involvement of the spinal cord showed on [18F]FDG PET/MRI.

A 61-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma received a fluorine-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([¹8F]FDG PET/CT) for staging. Because of the obvious uptake of [¹8F]FDG in the spinal cord and brain, a positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) was performed after the positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). The images showed diffuse [¹8F]FDG uptake of the spinal cord and increased T2 signal intensity on MRI, which was suspected to be lymphoma involvement. The patient was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the right maxillofacial region, right cervical lymph nodes, cervix, brain and spinal cord (stage IV of non-germinal center B-cell origin). After chemotherapy, the spinal [¹8F]FDG uptake level decreased significantly, which was considered to be a partial metabolic response. Our case was different from prior, which indicated the pattern of spinal cord involvement by lymphoma was focal.

Theabrownin from Pu-erh Tea Improves DSS-Induced Colitis via Restoring Gut Homeostasis and Inhibiting TLR2&4 Signaling Pathway.

BACKGROUND: Theabrownin (TB) is a dark brown pigment from Pu-erh tea or other dark teas. It is formed by further oxidization of theaflavins and thearubigins, in combination with proteins, polysaccharides, and caffeine etc. TB is a characteristic ingredient and bioactive substance of Pu-erh tea. However, the effects of TB on ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. PURPOSE: This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of TB on UC in terms of recovery of intestinal homeostasis and regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2&4 signaling pathway. METHODS: The colitis models were established by administering 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to C57BL/6 mice for 5 days to evaluate the therapeutic and preventive effects of TB on UC. Mesalazine was used as a positive control. H&E staining, complete blood count, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and 16S rRNA sequencing were employed to assess histological changes, blood cells analysis, content of cytokines, expression and distribution of mucin (MUC)2 and TLR2&4, differentiation of CD4+T cells in lamina propria, and changes in intestinal microbiota, respectively. Western blot was utilized to study the relative expression of tight junction proteins and the key proteins in TLR2&4-mediated MyD88-dependent MAPK, NF-κB, and AKT signaling pathways. RESULTS: TB outstanding alleviated colitis, inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced white blood cells while increasing red blood cells, hemoglobin, and platelets. TB increased the expression of occludin, claudin-1 and MUC2, effectively restored intestinal barrier function. TB also suppressed differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells in the colon's lamina propria, increased the fraction of Treg cells, and promoted the balance of Treg/Th17 to tilt towards Tregs. Moreover, TB increased the Firmicutes to Bacteroides (F/B) ratio, as well as the abundance of Akkermansia, Muribaculaceae, and Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group at the genus level. In addition, TB inhibited the activation of TLR2&4-mediated MAPK, NF-κB, and AKT signaling pathways in intestinal epithelial cells of DSS-induced mice. CONCLUSION: TB acts in restoring intestinal homeostasis and anti-inflammatory in DSS-induced UC, and exhibiting a preventive effect after long-term use. In a word, TB is a promising beverage, health product and food additive for UC.

Integrated characterization of arabica coffee husk tea using flavoromics, targeted screening, and in silico approaches.

This study aimed to identify the key volatile compounds in two types of processed arabica coffee husk tea, elucidate their olfactory characteristics, and investigate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Sensory evaluation indicated differences between the two groups. A total of 64 and 99 compounds were identified in the C and FC groups, respectively, with 5 identified as key aroma compounds (ROAV≥1). Molecular simulations indicated that four common key aroma compounds were successfully docked with OR1A1 and OR5M3 receptors, forming stable complexes. Furthermore, 14 volatile compounds interacted with 140 targets associated with oxidation and inflammation, linking to 919 gene ontology (GO) terms and 135 kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways. Molecular simulations revealed that these volatile components showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by interacting with core receptors through several forces, including van der Waals, Pi-alkyl, and Pi-cation interactions and hydrogen bonds.

Caffeine regulates both osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation via the AKT, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways.

Background: Although caffeine generally offers benefits to human health, its impact on bone metabolism remains unclear. Aim and Methods: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the long-term effects of caffeine administration on osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and ovariectomy-induced postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). Results: Our in vitro findings revealed that 3.125 and 12.5 µg/mL caffeine inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 cells through the MAPK and NF-κB pathways, accompanied by the inactivation of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor NFATc1. Similarly, 3.125 and 12.5 µg/mL of caffeine modulated MC3T3-E1 osteogenesis via the AKT, MAPK, and NF-κB pathways. However, 50 µg/mL of caffeine promoted the phosphorylation of IκBα, P65, JNK, P38, and AKT, followed by the activation of NFATc1 and the inactivation of Runx2 and Osterix, ultimately disrupting the balance between osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. In vivo studies showed that gavage with 55.44 mg/kg caffeine inhibited osteoclastogenesis, promoted osteogenesis, and ameliorated bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Conclusion: Conversely, long-term intake of high-dose caffeine (110.88 mg/kg) disrupted osteogenesis activity and promoted osteoclastogenesis, thereby disturbing bone homeostasis. Collectively, these findings suggest that a moderate caffeine intake (approximately 400 mg in humans) can regulate bone homeostasis by influencing both osteoclasts and osteoblasts. However, long-term high-dose caffeine consumption (approximately 800 mg in humans) could have detrimental effects on the skeletal system.

Exploring the accuracy of third-generation Nanopore Sequencing technology for detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnostic value of third-generation nanopore sequencing technology in patients with diabetes mellitus suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: Samples, including sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), were collected from patients with diabetes mellitus suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis who were admitted from October 2021 to August 2023. Nanopore sequencing, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear, mycobacterial solid culture, Xpert MTB/RIF, and DNA detection were performed, and their diagnostic efficacy was compared. RESULTS: Third-generation nanopore sequencing technology exhibited high accuracy in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes mellitus. Compared to traditional methods, nanopore sequencing showed significantly improved sensitivity (76.80 %), negative predictive value (30.40 %), coincidence (77.92 %), and diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.822). Combined detection with Xpert achieved the highest diagnostic performance, with increased sensitivity (81.20 %), positive predictive value (98.20 %), negative predictive value (35.00 %), coincidence (81.82 %), and AUC (0.843). Although acid-fast staining had limitations, its combination with nanopore sequencing improved screening effectiveness. CONCLUSION: Compared to established diagnostic modalities such as acid-fast staining, mycobacterial solid culture, Xpert MTB/RIF, and DNA detection, third-generation nanopore sequencing technology demonstrates a significant improvement in sensitivity for detecting suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetic patients. Notably, the combined application of nanopore sequencing with Xpert testing offers a further enhancement in diagnostic accuracy.

Epidemiological characteristics of chronic non-communicable diseases in Dongfang, China, 2021: a cross-sectional survey.

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to understand the composition, epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of chronic non-communicable diseases and to evaluate the association between sociodemographic factors and chronic non-communicable diseases. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Medical records of 196 761 residents were collected from Dongfang disease surveillance system from January to December 2021. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Prevalence and disability burden were recorded. Logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between sociodemography factors and diseases. RESULTS: Cardiovascular diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases and other upper respiratory tract diseases were the main chronic non-communicable diseases. In multivariable analysis, men were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=1.210, 95% CI 1.162 to 1.261) and chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=1.128, 95% CI 1.079 to 1.180). Older age was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=83.952, 95% CI 58.954 to 119.550), whereas was associated with decreased risk of chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=0.442, 95% CI 0.415 to 0.471) and other upper respiratory tract diseases (OR=0.450, 95% CI 0.411 to 0.493). The unemployed and poor household were associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=0.463, 95% CI 0.412 to 0.521 and OR=0.390, 95% CI 0.342 to 0.444, respectively), whereas were associated with increased risk of chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=12.219, 95% CI 6.343 to 23.539 and OR=10.954, 95% CI 5.666 to 21.177, respectively) and other upper respiratory tract diseases (OR=2.246, 95% CI 1.719 to 2.936 and OR=3.035, 95% CI 2.308 to 3.991, respectively). Gender and age moderated the association between personnel category and major diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of chronic diseases observed in Dongfang is good evidence for developing prevention guides and health policies for region.

Targeting Telomere Dynamics as an Effective Approach for the Development of Cancer Therapeutics.

Telomere is a protective structure located at the end of chromosomes of eukaryotes, involved in maintaining the integrity and stability of the genome. Telomeres play an essential role in cancer progression; accordingly, targeting telomere dynamics emerges as an effective approach for the development of cancer therapeutics. Targeting telomere dynamics may work through multifaceted molecular mechanisms; those include the activation of anti-telomerase immune responses, shortening of telomere lengths, induction of telomere dysfunction and constitution of telomerase-responsive drug release systems. In this review, we summarize a wide variety of telomere dynamics-targeted agents in preclinical studies and clinical trials, and reveal their promising therapeutic potential in cancer therapy. As shown, telomere dynamics-active agents are effective as anti-cancer chemotherapeutics and immunotherapeutics. Notably, these agents may display efficacy against cancer stem cells, reducing cancer stem levels. Furthermore, these agents can be integrated with the capability of tumor-specific drug delivery by the constitution of related nanoparticles, antibody drug conjugates and HSA-based drugs.

A Delphi Study to Construct an Index of Practice for Community Nurses Providing Transitional Home Care for Patients with Chronic Diseases.

Community nurses play a key role in providing continuous home care for patients with chronic diseases. However, a perfect system of responsibilities and requirements has not yet been formed, and nurses cannot provide high-quality nursing services for home-based patients. We attempted to construct an index of the scope of practice for community nurses providing home-based transitional care for patients with chronic diseases and to guide nurses in playing an active role in transitional care work. From March to May 2023, 14 representative community nurses from the Shanghai Community Health Service Center were selected for group interviews and 2 rounds of Delphi consultation. A total of 14 valid questionnaires were collected. The authority coefficients were 0.94 and 0.93, and the Kendall coefficients were 0.56 and 0.59 for the 2 rounds of expert consultation (P < .05). Finally, an index system, including 6 primary indices (transitional caring provider, patient self-management facilitator, community group intervention organizer, home caregiver supporter, family physician team collaborator and supervisor of home medical equipment use, and medical waste disposal) was constructed for community nurses involved in providing home-based transitional care for patients with chronic diseases. The weight values of the 6 indices were 0.19, 0.17, 0.21, 0.13, 0.14 and 0.16, respectively (CR = 0.035, and the consistency test was passed), and 16 secondary indicators and 42 tertiary indicators were identified. In this Delphi study, an index system that can be used to determine community nurses' roles in providing home-based transitional and continuous care for patients with chronic diseases was successfully established. The index system is considered reliable and easy to use and will provide a meaningful reference for community nurses and policy-makers.

A Data-Driven Computational Framework for Assessing the Risk of Placental Exposure to Environmental Chemicals.

A computational framework based on placental gene networks was proposed in this work to improve the accuracy of the placental exposure risk assessment of environmental compounds. The framework quantitatively characterizes the ability of compounds to cross the placental barrier by systematically considering the interaction and pathway-level information on multiple placental transporters. As a result, probability scores were generated for 307 compounds crossing the placental barrier based on this framework. These scores were then used to categorize the compounds into different levels of transplacental transport range, creating a gradient partition. These probability scores not only facilitated a more intuitive understanding of a compound's ability to cross the placental barrier but also provided valuable information for predicting potential placental disruptors. Compounds with probability scores greater than 90% were considered to have significant transplacental transport potential, whereas those with probability scores less than 80% were classified as unlikely to cross the placental barrier. Furthermore, external validation set results showed that the probability score could accurately predict the compounds known to cross the placental barrier. In conclusion, the computational framework proposed in this study enhances the intuitive understanding of the ability of compounds to cross the placental barrier and opens up new avenues for assessing the placental exposure risk of compounds.

Single-cell and spatial RNA sequencing reveal the spatiotemporal trajectories of fruit senescence.

The senescence of fruit is a complex physiological process, with various cell types within the pericarp, making it highly challenging to elucidate their individual roles in fruit senescence. In this study, a single-cell expression atlas of the pericarp of pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) is constructed, revealing exocarp and mesocarp cells undergoing the most significant changes during the fruit senescence process. Pseudotime analysis establishes cellular differentiation and gene expression trajectories during senescence. Early-stage oxidative stress imbalance is followed by the activation of resistance in exocarp cells, subsequently senescence-associated proteins accumulate in the mesocarp cells at late-stage senescence. The central role of the early response factor HuCMB1 is unveiled in the senescence regulatory network. This study provides a spatiotemporal perspective for a deeper understanding of the dynamic senescence process in plants.

PagPXYs improve drought tolerance by regulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis in the cambium of Populus alba × P. glandulosa.

PXY (Phloem intercalated with xylem) is a receptor kinase required for directional cell division during the development of plant vascular tissue. Drought stress usually affects plant stem cell division and differentiation thereby limiting plant growth. However, the role of PXY in cambial activities of woody plants under drought stress is unclear. In this study, we analyzed the biological functions of two PXY genes (PagPXYa and PagPXYb) in poplar growth and development and in response to drought stress in a hybrid poplar (Populus alba × P. glandulosa, '84K'). Expression analysis indicated that PagPXYs, similar to their orthologs PtrPXYs in Populus trichocarpa, are mainly expressed in the stem vascular system, and related to drought. Interestingly, overexpression of PagPXYa and PagPXYb in poplar did not have a significant impact on the growth status of transgenic plants under normal condition. However, when treated with 8 % PEG6000 or 100 mM H2O2, PagPXYa and PagPXYb overexpressing lines consistently exhibited more cambium cell layers, fewer xylem cell layers, and enhanced drought tolerance compared to the non-transgenic control '84K'. In addition, PagPXYs can alleviate the damage caused by H2O2 to the cambium under drought stress, thereby maintaining the cambial division activity of poplar under drought stress, indicating that PagPXYs play an important role in plant resistance to drought stress. This study provides a new insight for further research on the balance of growth and drought tolerance in forest trees.

Flower visits and pollinator pollen load networks reveal the effects of pollinator sharing on heterospecific pollen transfer in a subalpine plant community.

The mutualistic network of plant-pollinator also involves interspecific pollination caused by pollinator sharing. Plant-pollinator networks are commonly based on flower visit observations, which may not adequately represent the actual pollen transfer between co-flowering plant species. Here, we compared the network structure of plant-pollinator interactions based on flower visits (FV) and pollen loads (PL) on the bodies of pollinators and tested how the degree of pollinator sharing in the two networks affected heterospecific pollen transfer (HPT) between plant species in a subalpine meadow. The FV and PL networks were largely overlapped. PL network included more links than FV network. The positions of plant and pollinator species in the FV and PL networks were positively correlated, indicating that both networks could detect major plant-pollinator interactions. The degree of pollinator sharing, based on either the FV or the PL network, positively influenced the amount of heterospecific pollen transferred between plant species pairs. However, the degree of pollinator sharing had a low overall explanatory power for HPT, and the explanatory powers of the FV and PL networks were similar. Overall, our study highlights the importance of FV and PL for understanding the drivers and outcomes of plant-pollinator interactions, as well as their relevance to HPT.

Biotransformation of Patchouli Alcohol by Cladosporium cladosporioides and the Anti-Influenza Virus Activities of Biotransformation Products.

The biotransformation of patchouli alcohol by Cladosporium cladosporioides afforded 31 products, including 21 new ones (1-3, 5, 6, 8-14, and 17-25). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis (1H and 13C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, 1H-1H COSY, ROESY, and HRESIMS), and the absolute configuration of compounds 1, 2, 8, 9, and 17 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction using Cu Kα radiation. Structurally, compounds 21-24 were patchoulol-type norsesquiterpenoids without Me-12. Among them, a Δ3(4) double bond existed in compounds 21 and 22; a three-membered ring was formed between C-4, C-5, and C-6 in compound 23; an epoxy moiety appeared between C-3 and C-4 in compound 24. Furthermore, the biotransformation products 9, 10, 12, and 25 showed potent anti-influenza virus activity with EC50 values of 2.11, 7.94, 20.87, and 3.45 µM, respectively.

Historical context, process, and development trends of pediatric thyroid cancer research: a bibliometric analysis.

Objective: At present, the structure of knowledge in the field of childhood thyroid cancer is not clear enough, and scholars lack a sufficient understanding of the developing trends in this field, which has led to a shortage of forward-looking outputs. The purpose of this research is to help scholars construct a complete knowledge framework and identify current challenges, opportunities, and development trends. Methods: We searched the literature in the Web of Science Core Collection database on August 7, 2023 and extracted key information from the top 100 most cited articles, such as the countries, institutions, authors, themes, and keywords. We used bibliometric tools such as bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace for a visualization analysis and Excel for statistical descriptions. Results: The top 100 most cited articles fluctuated over time, and the research was concentrated in European countries, the United States, and Japan, among which scientific research institutions and scholars from the United States made outstanding contributions. Keyword analysis revealed that research has shifted from simple treatment methods for pediatric thyroid cancer (total thyroidectomy) and inducing factors (the Chernobyl power station accident) to the clinical applications of genetic mutations (such as the BRAF and RET genes) and larger-scale genetic changes (mutation studies of the DICER1 gene). The thematic strategy analysis showed an increasing trend towards the popularity of fusion oncogenes, while the popularity of research on traditional treatments and diagnostics has gradually declined. Conclusion: Extensive research has been conducted on the basic problems of pediatric thyroid cancer, and there has been significant outputs in the follow-up and cohort analysis of conventional diagnostic and treatment methods. However, these methods still have certain limitations. Therefore, scholars should focus on exploring fusion genes, the clinical applications of molecular targets, and novel treatment methods. This study provides a strong reference for scholars in this field.

Effect of cognitive behavior therapy based on the health education pathway on psychology of papillary thyroid carcinoma patients: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: Our main aim was to explore whether cognitive behavior therapy based on the health education pathway (CBT-HEP) can effectively alleviate the distress, anxiety, and depression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients after 131 I treatment. In addition, we investigated the critical factors that can significantly affect the distress and quality of life in PTC patients before 131 I treatment. METHODS: In total, 496 people were screened and 357 were enrolled, followed by randomization of those with a distress thermometer (DT) ≥4. Patients in the experimental group received CBT-HEP intervention, and patients in the control group were given casual conversation. RESULTS: The scores of DT, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in CBT-HEP group decreased gradually after intervention. In control group, DT scores decreased significantly, while HAMA and PHQ-9 scores did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: CBT-HEP is effective in relieving distress, anxiety and depression in PTC patients. In addition, female sex, lifestyle, hypothyroidism, negative emotions, related symptoms, fear of tumor recurrence and radiation safety are the critical factors affecting mental health and quality of life.