Relationship between personality and adolescent depression: the mediating role of loneliness and problematic internet use.

BACKGROUND: Previous research has indicated that personality traits, loneliness, and problematic internet use (PIU) significantly contribute to the prevalence of adolescent depression. However, the specific interrelationships among these variables in explaining the occurrence of depression remain unclear. Drawing upon susceptibility theory and cognitive-behavioral theory, this study explored whether personality traits influences adolescent depression through loneliness and PIU. METHODS: A total of 2476 adolescents (aged 12-18) from all over the country completed a psycho-social test, including the 10-Item Big Five Personality Inventory (BFI-10), three-Item Loneliness Scale (T-ILS), Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire-Short Form (PIUQ-SF-6) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The mediation model was built and bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect. RESULTS: Results showed that neuroticism, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness have a direct role on depression. Loneliness and PIU partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness and depression, and completely mediated the relationship between extroversion and depression. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that loneliness and PIU play important mediating roles in the relationship between personality traits and depression. This remind us that alleviating sense of loneliness and reducing overuse of the internet are a strategy for improve depression among adolescents.

Moderators and mediators of the association between the obesogenicity of neighbourhoods and weight status in Dutch adults.

This study aimed to assess sociodemographic, personality, and psychological moderators, and lifestyle behavioural mediators, of the association between obesogenicity of neighbourhoods and weight status in Dutch adults. This cross-sectional study used baseline data of 150,506 adult participants of the Lifelines study. To quantify obesogenicity of Dutch neighbourhoods, the Obesogenic Built Environment CharacterisTics (OBCT) index was used, calculated for 1000 m circular buffers around participant's residencies. Z-scores of components across food and physical activity (PA) environments were averaged, and rescaled from 0 to 100. Weight status was operationalised as objectively measured waist circumference. Stratified linear regression analyses by (self-reported) sociodemographic factors, perceived stress, impulsivity, self-discipline, and deliberation were conducted when interaction terms were significant (P < .01). Mediation by adherence to the Dutch PA guidelines and dietary behaviour was examined using the difference-in-coefficients approach. Every 10% increase in OBCT index was associated with a 0.65 (P < .001, 95%CI [0.59, 0.71]) centimetre larger waist circumference. The association was largest for respondents who were younger, had the lowest income, the highest educational level, the least self-discipline, the highest impulsivity scores and the most perceived stress. Adherence to PA guidelines and dietary behaviour mediated 13.3% of this association; however, the difference in coefficients was not statistically significant. Our findings enable to better target lifestyle interventions to individuals most vulnerable to obesogenic environments. Furthermore, they provide guidance for policymakers and urban planners in promoting health-enhancing environments.

Comparing personality traits of healthcare workers with and without long COVID: Cross-sectional study.

Aim: Pathological mechanisms of "long COVID" after recovery from the main symptoms of COVID-19 are unclear. We compared psychological differences between individuals with and without long COVID symptoms after initial COVID-19 infections. Methods: This study includes medical workers with and without history of COVID-19. We assessed the degree of depression, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), the degree of anxiety and fear of COVID-19, and we used an original questionnaire. In the COVID-19 group, we also assessed personality traits and anxiety. The COVID-19 group was subclassified into those with and without long COVID to examine differences in circumstantial and psychological examinations. Results: Of 310 participants (141 men, 169 women, median age: 40 years), 167 had history of COVID-19 (83/84, 37 years) and 143 did not (58 men/85 women, 46 years). In the COVID-19 group, 26 had long COVID (12/14, 32 years) and 141 did not (58/85, 46 years). Fewer participants in the COVID-19 group had had COVID-19 vaccinations. The long COVID group had higher number of symptoms at the time of illness and higher NEO Five Factor Inventory Neuroticism scores than the non-long COVID group. They also had poorer mental health according to HRQOL than those without. Conclusion: Risk factors for long COVID may include the number of symptoms at the time of illness and neurotic tendency on NEO Five Factor Inventory. Participants with long COVID had poorer mental health according to HRQOL. People with long COVID might be especially sensitive to and pessimistic about the symptoms that interfere with their daily lives, resulting in certain cognitive and behavioral patterns. They may benefit from early psychiatric intervention.

Gaslighting Exposure During Emerging Adulthood: Personality Traits and Vulnerability Paths.

Among the many forms of psychological violence, gaslighting is a particularly insidious manipulative behaviour that includes acts aimed at controlling and altering one's own partner's sensations, thoughts, actions, affective state, self-perception, and reality-testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the experience of gaslighting and dysfunctional aspects of the partner's personality. Gaslighter personality facets were assessed using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Informant Form-Adult (PID-5-IRF), while gaslighting behaviours were assessed using a 25-item questionnaire, based on the three categories of glamour, good-guy, and intimidator (Stern, 2007). The sample was made up of a group of 177 Italian emerging adults aged between 19 and 26 (49.2% male, 50.8% female; M = 21.88, SD = 1.75), enrolled at University, who participated voluntarily in the research. In fact, none of them received any form of direct or indirect incentive. In our study, we applied a beta regression model mapping the Likert scale into the open interval (0,1). The main results show (a) good-guy gaslighting is positively associated with manipulativeness and negatively associated with deceitfulness; (b) glamour gaslighting has a negative association with separation insecurity and manipulativeness, but it is positively associated with irresponsibility; (c) intimidator gaslighting has a positive association with separation insecurity and distractibility and a negative association with eccentricity and perceptual dysregulation; (d) all three gaslighting categories are negatively associated with anhedonia and impulsivity. Based on what emerged from the data, aspects such as separation insecurity, irresponsibility, and distractibility can be seen as serious risk factors for gaslighting. For this reason, with regard to clinical implications, an early recognition of dysfunctional traits in potential abusers should be fostered in order to protect both potential abusers and their partner from aggressive conduct within an intimate relationship.

Entre las muchas formas de violencia psicológica, el gaslighting es un comportamiento manipulador particularmente insidioso que incluye actos destinados a controlar y alterar sensaciones, pensamientos, acciones, estado afectivo, autopercepción y estado de realidad de la pareja. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre la experiencia del gaslighting y los aspectos disfuncionales de la personalidad de la pareja. Los aspectos de la personalidad de gaslighting se evaluaron utilizando el Inventario de Personalidad para DSM-5-Formulario de Informante-Adulto (PID-5-IRF), mientras que los comportamientos de gaslighting se evaluaron usando un cuestionario de 25 ítems, basado en las tres categorías de glamoroso, buen tipo e intimidante (Stern, 2007). La muestra estuvo compuesta por un grupo de 177 adultos jóvenes italianos de entre 19 y 26 años (49.2% hombres, 50.8% mujeres; M = 21.88, SD = 1.75), quienes estaban matriculados en la universidad y participaron voluntariamente en la investigación. De hecho, ninguno de ellos recibió algún tipo de incentivo, ya fuera directo o indirecto. En nuestro estudio aplicamos un modelo de regresión beta que mapea la escala Likert en el rango abierto (0,1). Los principales hallazgos muestran (a) que el buen tipo de gaslighting está positivamente asociado con la manipulación y negativamente asociado con el engaño; (b) el gaslighting glamoroso tiene una asociación negativa con la separación, la inseguridad y la manipulación, pero está positivamente asociado con la irresponsabilidad; (c) la iluminación del intimidador tiene una asociación positiva con la inseguridad de la separación y la distracción y una asociación negativa con la excentricidad y la desregulación perceptiva; (d) las tres categorías de gaslighting están asociadas negativamente con la anhedonia y la impulsividad. Según lo que surgió de los datos, aspectos como la inseguridad en la separación, la irresponsabilidad y la distracción pueden considerarse factores de riesgo graves para el gaslighting. Por esta razón, en las implicaciones clínicas, se debe promover un reconocimiento temprano de los rasgos disfuncionales en los abusadores potenciales para proteger tanto a los abusadores potenciales como a su pareja del comportamiento agresivo dentro de una relación.

Personal Dimensions in First Psychotic Episode Patients with Catatonia.

The study reports findings from an observational cross-sectional study involving patients experiencing their first psychotic episode with acute catatonia (n=82), compared to non-catatonic patients (n=74) and a group of healthy volunteers (n=47). Diagnostic procedures spanned two days: the first involved clinical interviews to assess psychosis structure and gather objective data (from relatives and medical records), while the second included psychometric evaluations using PANSS and BFCRS scales. Between these days, participants completed the Big Five Personality Factor Questionnaire (5PFQ) and Beck's Personality Beliefs Questionnaire (PBQ). Comparative analysis (H-test) across the three groups highlighted differences in the 5PFQ factor "expressiveness vs. practicality," predominantly influenced by the "sensitivity vs. insensitivity" parameter. Patients exhibiting catatonic symptoms demonstrated significantly lower scores compared to controls in this regard.

Detecting five-pattern personality traits using eye movement features for observing emotional faces.

The five-pattern personality traits rooted in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have promising prospects for clinical application. However, they are currently assessed using a self-report scale, which may have certain limitations. Eye tracking technology, with its non-intrusive, objective, and culturally neutral characteristics, has become a powerful tool for revealing individual cognitive and emotional processes. Therefore, applying this technology for personality assessment is a promising approach. In this study, participants observed five emotional faces (anger, happy, calm, sad, and fear) selected from the Chinese Facial Affective Picture System. Utilizing artificial intelligence algorithms, we evaluated the feasibility of automatically identifying different traits of the five-pattern personality traits from participants' eye movement patterns. Based on the analysis of five supervised learning algorithms, we draw the following conclusions: The Lasso feature selection method and Logistic Regression achieve the highest prediction accuracy for most of the traits (TYa, SYa, SYi, TYi). This study develops a framework for predicting five-pattern personality traits using eye movement behavior, offering a novel approach for personality assessment in TCM.

Association between grit and insomnia: A population-based study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the association of the grit scale, a personality trait characterized by perseverance and passion, with both the presence and the severity of insomnia in the Korean adult population. METHODS: A nationwide population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires between September and December 2018 in Korea. Grit was assessed by using the 8-item Short Grit Scale. Participants were categorized into insomnia and non-insomnia groups based on a threshold of 10 on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The association between girt and insomnia was analyzed using multiple linear regression and multivariable logistic regression, controlling for sociodemographic factors, lifestyles, and comorbidities. RESULTS: A total of 2453 participants (49.9 % male; aged 19-92 years) were enrolled in the study. Individual grit scores ranged from 1.75 to 5.00 points (mean [SD], 3.27 [0.42]), and insomnia was present in 16.5 % of the population. The insomnia group exhibited lower grit score compared to the non-insomnia group (3.11 [0.40] vs. 3.30 [0.42], p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.46). Grit was negatively associated with ISI scores (ß = -0.15, 95 % CI = -0.19, -0.11, p < 0.001) and with having insomnia (OR 0.40, 95 % CI = 0.30, 0.55, p < 0.001), after controlling for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with higher grit were less likely to have insomnia. Clinicians should consider personality traits, such as grit, in the evaluation and the management of insomnia.

A Fundamental Difference in the Nature of Personal Values and Personality Traits Revealed Through Different Patterns of Stability Across Their Distributions.

OBJECTIVE: Personal values and personality traits are both important aspects of personality, but much is still unknown about the fundamental differences between the constructs, including how their patterns of temporal stability compare. This paper investigated patterns of intra-individual stability in both values and traits. METHOD: Quantile correlations were estimated between each of the 20 refined personal values and the same values 2 years later in a large longitudinal sample of Australian adults (N = 2875). The same was done for each of the 15 Five-Factor Model trait facets in a subsample of these participants (n = 2424). RESULTS: It was observed that more important values tended to remain more stable over time, while traits retained a similar stability regardless of trait strength, and frequently showed small decreases in stability at extreme levels. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that highly prioritized values may be a more central aspect of the self, and a more reliable element for predicting future outcomes, than less highly prioritized values, but in contrast, traits do not function in a way that is dependent on trait strength.

Dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors among French elite athletes: the impact of psychological characteristics and the sporting calendar.

Background: Research on sport psychology suggests that athletes are at risk of developing dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors (DEAB), however the origins of these behaviors remain largely unexplored. The present study aims to identify factors (i.e., personality traits, anxiety levels, eating attitudes and behaviors, the internalization of sport thinness norms, and resilience) associated with the development of DEAB among female endurance athletes, in training and competition. Method: A longitudinal follow-up study was conducted among 14 elite female athletes who were tested daily, weekly, and quarterly over 12 months in 2022, for a total of 545 measures. Participants completed questionnaires assessing personality traits, anxiety levels, eating attitudes and behaviors, the internalization of sport thinness norms, and resilience. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all study data, and odds ratios were conducted to compare the variance of psychological factors and sporting factors depending on the level of DEAB and the sport period. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 28% of our sample of athletes were identified with DEAB. Among those with DEAB, scores for agreeableness, anxiety, and competitive anxiety were significantly higher, while scores for resilience were significantly lower than those without DEAB. During the competitive season, scores for self-regulatory eating attitudes and the internalization of thinness norms were significantly higher than during the training period. Conclusion: Our results suggest a greater probability of DEAB among athletes who exhibit the trait of agreeableness, experience anxiety during competition, and lack resilience. The competitive season was also identified as a period conducive for developing DEAB compared with the training period. Based on these results our study suggests preventive measures that can be implemented with athletes displaying these traits, with a particular emphasis during the competitive phase.

The influence of the personality traits of newly graduated nurses on the knowledge, skills and professional self-efficacy in standardized training: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: New graduate nurses often have certain potential safety hazards for patients due to insufficient knowledge and lack of clinical practice ability. To address these challenges, China has implemented a standardized training strategy. The improvements in the quality of this training involve not only the intervention of teaching methods but also the consideration of personality traits. METHODS: The application software based on the BFI-2 Chinese scale was utilized to administer personality tests to nursing students; nursing students were invited to scan the QR code and voluntarily fill in a questionnaire, including basic information, personality test results, and a professional self-efficacy test scale; offline paper-based theoretical examination results of nursing students were collected before and after training. The data was then analyzed using SPSS software version 26.0, which involved descriptive analysis, one-way between-groups analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: Based on the data, there were no observable differences in the theoretical results before and after training across different personality traits. In terms of skill assessment, conscientiousness exhibited the highest score at 78.91 ± 2.98 points, while negative emotionality showed the lowest score at 74.59 ± 2.12 points. These differences between different personality traits are statistically significant (P < 0.001). In terms of professional self-efficacy, conscientiousness scored the highest at 98.48 ± 12.69, while negative emotionality scored the lowest at 85.89 ± 11.71, with significant differences between different personality traits (P < 0.001). Professional self-efficacy was negatively correlated with agreeableness (r = -0.150, P = 0.044) and positively correlated with conscientiousness (r = -0.310, P < 0.001). Skill scores were negatively correlated with negative emotionality (r = -0.257, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with conscientiousness (r = 0.182, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that personality traits affect the skills test results and professional self-efficacy of nursing students. Conscientiousness scored the highest in this study, while negative emotionality scored the lowest. Therefore, personalized training plans are recommended to improve the quality of care for such nursing students and to further enhance patient safety.

Selected Determinants of Diet Health Quality among Female Athletes Practising Team Sports.

This study's aim was an analysis regarding selected determinants of diet health quality in a group of elite Polish female team sport players. Relationships were assessed between age, sport experience, personal resources and personality traits with regard to the Big Five model and the pro-Health (pHDI-10) and non-Healthy (nHDI-14) Diet Indices. This study was conducted among 181 women (median age-25 years; sport experience-7 years) with the use of the Beliefs and Eating Habits Questionnaire (KomPAN), Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC-B) and NEO-PI-R personality inventory. Statistical analysis was carried out via the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Kruskal-Wallis's ANOVA, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and forward stepwise regression at a significance level of α = 0.05. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the value of the pro-Health Diet Index (pHDI-10) was positively explained by professional experience and extraversion, while negatively by openness to experiences (12% of the pHDI-10 variance). In turn, a higher value of the non-Healthy Diet Index (nHDI-14) was associated with the discipline of basketball (2% of the nHDI-14 variance). In summary, the demonstrated diet health quality was low and the predictive significance of competitive experience as well as type of discipline and selected personality traits was exhibited for diet quality among female team sport players.

Personality Traits and Self-Reported Vocal Fatigue and Other Voice Measures Among Teachers.

BACKGROUND: Previous research has examined the correlation between certain personality traits and specific voice disorders. These studies indicated that a predictive relationship exists between an individual's personality and their likelihood of experiencing certain types of voice disorders. The personality type classified as "extravert" was most commonly correlated with voice problems associated with high vocal use such as inflammation or nodules. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between self-reported vocal fatigue, demographic characteristics, such as assigned sex at birth and age, perception of current voice condition, aerodynamic measures, and voice acoustic parameters with any of the five personality traits measured by the Big Five Personality Index: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness. We hypothesized that vocal fatigue scores and spirometry measurements may be good predictors of specific personality traits, and therefore, can be useful measures to complement vocal assessment. METHODS: Participants in this cross-sectional correlational study included 73 full-time elementary and middle school teachers. Participants completed the Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI)-10 personality index; further, microphone recordings were collected from a battery of voice tasks in addition to spirometry. Descriptive analyzes of the dependent variables (BFI personality traits) and independent variables (demographics, acoustics, spirometry, and VFI total score) were performed, calculating frequency values. Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted to evaluate independent variables' differences across the scores of the five BFI personality traits. The association between the independent and dependent variables was then investigated using a Generalized Estimating Equations multinomial logit model. The level of significance was defined at 0.05, and the associations are expressed as betas and standard error. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results suggest that high scores for the traits of extraversion and agreeableness were both predicted by lower scores on the VFI (P ≤ 0.05), indicating that individuals with lower perception of vocal fatigue may be more likely to be identified as extraverted and/or agreeable personalities. These results support previous study's conclusion as well as add additional insights that could be translated into screening protocols and additional supportive care of occupational voice users.

Path analysis reveals cross-country differences between Czech and Chinese university students in effect of internet and smartphone addiction, mental health, and personality traits on academic achievement in the post-pandemic era.

Despite extensive evidence on the impact of various mental health issues including smartphone/internet addiction, and personality traits on academic achievement, little is known about the complex interactions between multiple of these factors simultaneously, as well as cross-country differences in these nuanced relationships. In particular, understanding the role of the mentioned addictions has become increasingly important in recent years in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this cross-country study was to investigate, using path analysis, the complex relationships between mental health determinants (depression, anxiety, stress, resilience, and smartphone/internet addiction) and academic achievement in 1785 Czech and Chinese university students using an online battery of psychological tests. The results confirmed the previously described effect of multiple factors (anxiety, stress, resilience, smartphone/internet addiction, personality traits, and sex, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness) on academic achievement, overlapping in most cases for both groups of students. At the same time, however, different country-dependent patterns of interactions emerged. For the Czech students, the variables formed a complex network of interacting factors, whereas for the Chinese students, the effect of each cluster of factors was separate for individual domains of academic achievement. These cross-country differences have implications particularly for planning and targeting the most effective interventions to promote and develop academic achievement.

Prediction of Attention Groups and Big Five Personality Traits from Gaze Features Collected from an Outlier Search Game.

This study explores the intersection of personality, attention and task performance in traditional 2D and immersive virtual reality (VR) environments. A visual search task was developed that required participants to find anomalous images embedded in normal background images in 3D space. Experiments were conducted with 30 subjects who performed the task in 2D and VR environments while their eye movements were tracked. Following an exploratory correlation analysis, we applied machine learning techniques to investigate the predictive power of gaze features on human data derived from different data collection methods. Our proposed methodology consists of a pipeline of steps for extracting fixation and saccade features from raw gaze data and training machine learning models to classify the Big Five personality traits and attention-related processing speed/accuracy levels computed from the Group Bourdon test. The models achieved above-chance predictive performance in both 2D and VR settings despite visually complex 3D stimuli. We also explored further relationships between task performance, personality traits and attention characteristics.

Self-Perceived Stress and the Personality of Mothers of Children with Central Auditory Processing Disorder, as Well as in Mothers of Typically Developing Children, Before and Late in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to measure, at two time points, the relationship between self-perceived global stress and the personality traits of the mothers of children who have central auditory processing disorder (APD) and compare it with the results from mothers of typically developing (TD) children. The comparisons were made before the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as late in the pandemic. METHODS: The level of stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), while the Short Big Five Markers (IPIP-BFM-20) were used to assess Big Five personality traits. The study used two independent samples: one evaluated before the COVID-19 pandemic and the other late in the pandemic. Each sample consisted of 108 mothers of children with APD and 79 mothers whose children did not have APD (TD children) as controls. RESULTS: The average global stress levels were similar in mothers of children with APD and in mothers of TD children, both before and in the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the late stage, both sets of mothers scored similarly on all personality dimensions, but significantly, mothers of TD children exhibited lower emotional stability compared to during the pre-pandemic period. In both groups, emotional stability predicted global stress level at both time points; however, during the pandemic, conscientiousness also became a predictor of global stress level but only in the group of mothers of TD children. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers of APD children might be more resistant to additional stressors. It would be prudent to watch mothers of APD and TD children for signs of needing psychological intervention.

Personality Traits and Quality of Life Among Older Adults: The Chain Mediating Effects of Perceived Social Support and Positive Coping Styles.

The pathways between personality traits and older adults' quality of life (QOL) have been well studied. However, perceived social support and positive coping styles should not be ignored by older adults' QOL. Hence, this study examines the chain mediating role of perceived social support and positive coping styles between personality traits and older adults' QOL. In total, 230 older individuals (Meanage = 69.43, SDage = 7.23, age range from 60 to 93) participated in this study. All older people provided a rating of QOL and perceived social support, the Chinese Big Five personality, and positive coping styles. (1a) the five personality traits of older adults were significantly associated with QOL; (2b) perceived social support mediated the relationship between three personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness) and QOL; (3c) positive coping styles played a mediator role in the personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness) and QOL; (4d) perceived social support and positive coping styles had a significant chain mediating effect on the three dimensions of personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness) and QOL. As mediating influences, social support and positive coping styles can be applied to efforts to promote QOL for older adults who share the personality traits of neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness.

Personal views of aging in midlife and older age: the role of personality.

Introduction: Personal views of aging (VoA) reflect individuals' perceptions, attitudes, and expectations regarding their aging selves. The present cross-sectional study was aimed at examining whether personality traits, as defined by the Big Five model, are associated with different VoA concepts related to both subjective age and awareness of age-related gains and losses in midlife and older age. Materials and methods: A sample of 224 participants aged 46-85 years reported their felt age and completed the Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC) questionnaire, assessing perceptions of age-related gains (AARC-Gains) and losses (AARC-Losses) in various functioning domains, as well as the short version of the Big Five Inventory. Results: Linear regression models showed that Openness contributed to explain youthful subjective age. Extraversion explained higher AARC-Gains scores, whereas Emotional Stability, along with younger chronological age and perceiving better self-rated health, contributed to explaining lower AARC-Losses scores. Discussion: These findings confirm the relationship between personality traits and personal VoA. They further suggest that such an association varies depending on the VoA measure considered. They underscore the importance of considering personality among those individual characteristics capable of shaping personal VoA, with implications for the development of tailored interventions and the understanding of the underlying mechanisms linking personal VoA to health and longevity outcomes in midlife and older age.

Personality Traits and Drug Use: A Longitudinal Study Using Data from the British Cohort Study.

INTRODUCTION: Drug use is a significant health, economic and social concern globally. Research indicates that personality traits are crucial in explaining drug use. This paper contributes to the expanding literature by exploring how personality traits at age 10 affect the likelihood of having used any drug at age 30. METHODS: Data were extracted from the British Cohort Study 1970. The Big Five dimensions were derived by aggregating items related to distinct traits. Furthermore, probit regression analysis was conducted to ascertain the relationship between personality traits at age 10 and drug use by age 30. RESULTS: Children with low levels of conscientiousness, or agreeableness; or high levels of extraversion, or internal locus of control at the age of 10 are more likely to use any drug in adulthood. In addition, significant differences were observed across gender and types of drugs. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that early personality traits play a pivotal role in predicting the likelihood of drug use in adulthood. The results interest policymakers, as they could guide the implementation of personality-targeted interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of specific personality traits. For instance, emotional regulation training could benefit children with low conscientiousness; while stimulating activities such as sports, creative arts, or music could engage children with high extraversion.

Development and Validation of Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2) Algorithms to Assess ICD-11 Personality Trait Domain Qualifiers.

With the advent of the new diagnostic model for personality disorders in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), researchers and practitioners in World Health Organization signatory countries are urged to implement it. This study aims to develop a brief, reliable, and valid scale for assessing maladaptive personality traits according to the ICD-11 model, using the item pool of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP-2). Quantitative and qualitative criteria for item selection were applied to a sample of 251 Brazilian adults. As a result, the 25 items (five items per factor) were selected, demonstrating promising evidence of validity based on the internal structure with a database of 1,659 Brazilian adults. In addition, we found good evidence of validity based on relationships with external variables, particularly those related to personality pathology, in a sample of 617 Brazilian adults. The implications of these findings are discussed.