Gingival Hyperplasia Masquerading as Tumor Lesion, Possibly Linked to Amlodipine Use.

ABSTRACT: A 70-year-old woman under amlodipine treatment for hypertension presented with a hemorrhagic mass in the mandibular gingiva. Imaging studies revealed high signal intensity in T2-weighted MRI and moderate 18 F-FDG accumulation at the lesion's periphery. Although no malignancy was detected, the lesion continuously grew, prompting excision. Histopathological examination confirmed gingival hyperplasia attributed to amlodipine use. Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia typically presents as diffuse swelling; however, this lesion manifested as a polyp, posing diagnostic challenges. Reports on imaging findings for drug-induced gingival hyperplasia are limited. Understanding imaging patterns alongside clinical history aids in accurate diagnosis.

Nifedipine induced gingival enlargement in an edentulous patient: a case report with one year follow up.

BACKGROUND: Gingival enlargement due to calcium channel blockers is a common complaint reported by patients. It can be localized or generalized and can range from mild to severe, affecting patients appearance and function. Nifedipine induced gingival enlargement is noticed only in 10 % of patients and very few cases of Nifedipine induced gingival enlargement in an edentulous patient have been documented in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: Here in, we report a case of gingival enlargement in a 70 year old hypertensive edentulous patient who was on low dose Nifedipine therapy. Patient wanted complete dentures. We planned to excise the overgrowth and followed up for 1 year. CONCLUSION: Nifedipine induced gingival enlargement noticed only in 10 % of patients. Hence, there is a need for physicians and dentist to make a coordinated treatment plan and practice care while prescribing these drugs which are associated with gingival overgrowth.

Primary hyperoxaluria: Orthodontic management in a pediatric patient: A case report.

AIMS: The aim of this study is to report the case of the orthodontic treatment in a patient affected by primary hyperoxaluria type 1 and subjected to a combinate liver-kidney transplant. METHODS AND RESULTS: The 9-year patient was admitted to our department for the presence of facial dysmorphism. The patient was affected by primary hyperoxaluria type 1 and has undergone a combined liver-kidney transplantation. At the time of the visit, he was in treatment with immunosuppressive drugs and received a corticosteroid and an antibiotic therapy monthly. An intraoral and extraoral examination, as well as radiographic and model analysis, was performed in order to define an accurate diagnosis and a proper rehabilitation planning. An orthopedic-orthodontic treatment was performed and satisfactory final results obtained. A laser gingivectomy was also realized for eliminate the gengival hyperplasia probably induced by cyclosporine assumption. Both skeletal and dental relationships were improved by the treatment, reaching a good dental arches alignment. CONCLUSION: An early diagnosis, as well as a multidisciplinary approach, is very important in patients with rare diseases. An appropriate treatment allowed us to achieve acceptable results and improve the patient quality of life.

Clinical and radiological presentation of hemimaxillofacial dysplasia/segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia: critical analysis and report of a case.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to critically evaluate the literature, describe the clinical and radiographic features of HD-SOD (hemimaxillofacial dysplasia/segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia), and describe one new case, involving a 12-year-old boy, with detailed radiological, clinical, and histologic characteristics. METHODS: Thirty-six cases published between 1987 and 2010, together with the present case, were evaluated according to criteria that included gender, age, location of the lesion, findings, and symptoms. RESULTS: We found that the lesion is discovered mainly in the first decade of life (71%), and has a male predilection (64%, 23/64). The maxillary alveolar process was affected unilaterally in all cases, with gingival and bone enlargement and facial asymmetry being constant findings. Missing premolars and skin manifestations were found to be common features. CONCLUSIONS: New case reports should include clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings; follow-up reports; and treatment protocols to improve dentist and parent information regarding HD.

Crossed hemifacial hyperplasia: a diagnostic dilemma.

Crossed hemifacial hyperplasia is a rare condition producing facial asymmetry and overgrowth of the extremities of the opposite side. Very few cases are reported in literature. A case of an 11-year-old female is presented here to supplement existing clinical knowledge with many of the reported clinical and orofacial findings. Emphasis is placed on diagnosis of the condition by thoughtful elimination and the necessity of a multi-disciplinary approach to its management.

Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography for oral masses in dogs.

The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) in oral masses of dogs. Nineteen dogs underwent clinical, MR and CT examinations. Eleven malignant and ten non-malignant masses were evaluated. Osteosarcoma was the most commonly found malignant oral mass and gingival hyperplasia was the most commonly found benign mass. The results showed that MRI provided more accurate information regarding the size of the masses and invasion of adjacent structures although MRI and CT show similar accuracy in assessment of bone invasion. Calcification and cortical bone erosion was better seen on CT images. Whereas contrast-MRI provided useful additional information, contrast-CT had no added benefit. In general, oral masses located in the caudal mandible, oropharynx and maxilla are better evaluated using MRI, once the histological type has been verified.

Autosomal recessive rough hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta. A case report with clinical, light microscopic, radiographic, and electron microscopic observations.

A case is presented of a 12-year-old Japanese girl with nearly complete lack of enamel in the deciduous and the permanent dentitions, coupled with a gross abnormality in the pattern of eruption. There was no family history of a similar condition. Deciduous molars were extracted, and hyperplastic gingival tissue was resected. On the basis of clinical, radiographic, and microscopic findings, a diagnosis of autosomal recessive rough hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta was made. The configuration of the abnormal enamel was examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as with light microscopy. Prismatic structure was virtually absent, and the scant enamel showed globular protrusions superficially. Two different surface structures were identified as covering parts of the enamel. At the ultrastructural level, calcified bodies located in the gingival tissue appeared to be composed, in part, of a dense enamel-like substance and, in part, of a tissue with features of afibrillar cementum.

Angiography, gingival hyperplasia and Sturge-Weber syndrome: report of case.

This syndrome, also known as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a condition with multiple clinical findings, including vascular anomalies and intraoral involvement. The patient was a nine-year-old black boy with Sturge-Weber syndrome. He had a lesion removed and diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma. There were no complications and the tissue healed normally.