Eltrombopag Add-on Treatment in a Child With Fanconi Aplastic Anemia Awaiting Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Fanconi aplastic anemia (FAA) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure disorder characterized by congenital defects and pancytopenia. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for patients with FAA due to the risk of cancer and pancytopenia. Blood transfusions are the best supportive therapy. Oxymetholone (5 mg/kg daily) is most commonly used; however, it is not curative. Extensive transfusions should be avoided because of alloimmunization and graft-versus-host disease because they have poor outcomes in patients with HSCT. This is a case report of a 5-year-old Syrian male patient with FAA, who was successfully treated with eltrombopag (50 mg daily) in conjunction with oxymetholone (5 mg/kg daily). The patient required platelet transfusions despite oxymetholone therapy and there was no suitable donor for HSCT. After the addition of eltrombopag therapy, platelet transfusions were no longer required. Eltrombopag can be effectively used as a bridge to HSCT in patients with FAA.

A novel case of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome with SARS-CoV-2 infection: potential perinatal transmission. / Presentación de un caso novedoso de síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda neonatal con infección por SARS-CoV-2: posible transmisión perinatal.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the first pandemic of the 21st century. SARS-CoV-2 infection is mainly transmitted via droplets. Although some cases of perinatal transmission have been reported, it is unclear whether these infections occurred via transplacental or transcervical routes or via environmental exposure. Herein, we present the case of a newborn who died with neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome exhibiting severe pulmonary involvement. The baby was born to a COVID-19 PCR (+) mother by C-section and was found to be COVID-19 PCR (+) from a nasopharyngeal swab sample tested within 24 hours of birth due to the suspected transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from the mother to the fetus.

La enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19), causada por el coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2), se convirtió en la primera pandemia del siglo XXI. La infección por SARS-CoV-2 se transmite principalmente a través de las gotículas. Si bien se han informado algunos casos de transmisión perinatal, no es claro si estas infecciones fueron resultado de la vía de contagio transplacentario o transcervical o de la exposición ambiental. En este artículo, presentamos el caso de un recién nacido que falleció por síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda neonatal con compromiso pulmonar grave. El bebé nació por cesárea de una madre con una PCR positiva para COVID-19 y se detectó que tenía una PCR positiva para COVID-19 mediante un hisopado nasofaríngeo en el transcurso de las 24 horas posteriores al parto debido a una sospecha de transmisión transplacentaria del SARS-CoV-2 de la madre al feto.

Presentación de un caso novedoso de síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda neonatal con infección por SARS-CoV-2: posible transmisión perinatal / A novel case of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome with SARS-CoV-2 infection: potential perinatal transmission

La enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19), causada por el coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2), se convirtió en la primera pandemia del siglo XXI. La infección por SARS-CoV-2 se transmite principalmente a través de las gotículas. Si bien se han informado algunos casos de transmisión perinatal, no es claro si estas infecciones fueron resultado de la vía de contagio transplacentario o transcervical o de la exposición ambiental. En este artículo, presentamos el caso de un recién nacido que falleció por síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda neonatal con compromiso pulmonar grave. El bebé nació por cesárea de una madre con una PCR positiva para COVID-19 y se detectó que tenía una PCR positiva para COVID-19 mediante un hisopado nasofaríngeo en el transcurso de las 24 horas posteriores al parto debido a una sospecha de transmisión transplacentaria del SARS-CoV-2 de la madre al feto.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the first pandemic of the 21st century. SARS-CoV-2 infection is mainly transmitted via droplets. Although some cases of peri-natal transmission have been reported, it is unclear whether these infections occurred via transplacental or transcervical routes or via environmental exposure. Herein, we present the case of a newborn who died with neo-natal acute respiratory distress syndrome exhibiting severe pulmonary involvement. The baby was born to a COVID-19 PCR (+) mother by C-section and was found to be COVID-19 PCR (+) from a nasopharyngeal swab sample tested within 24 hours of birth due to the suspected transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from the mother to the fetus.

Maternal psychiatric status and infant wheezing: The role of maternal hormones and cord blood cytokines.

RATIONALE: Maternal psychosocial stress might be associated with development of allergic diseases in the offspring. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of maternal depression and anxiety with ever wheezing and recurrent wheezing among infants and to assess the role of maternal hypothalamo-pituatary-adrenal axis changes and fetal immune response in this association. METHODS: This study encompasses two designs; cohort design was developed to evaluate the association of prenatal depression with development of wheezing in infants while nested case-control design was used to assess the role of maternal cortisol and tetranectin and cord blood interleukin 13 and interferon γ. RESULTS: We enrolled 697 pregnant women. Elementary school graduate mother (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5, p = .06), maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR = 3.4, p = .001), familial history of asthma (OR = 2.7, p < .001) increased the risk of ever wheezing. Elementary school graduate mother (OR = 2.6, p = .002), maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR = 4.8, p < .001) and familial history of asthma (OR = 1.7, p = .01) increased the risk of recurrent wheezing. Maternal previous psychiatric disease, or Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale or Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores were not associated with wheezing. Maternal tetranectin levels were significantly higher among never wheezers compared to the ever wheezers (264.3 ± 274.8 vs. 201.6 ± 299.7, p = .04). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the major risk factors for ever wheezing and recurrent wheezing were maternal smoking, level of education and family history of asthma. However, maternal depression and anxiety were not determined as risk factors for wheezing. Maternal tetranectin carries potential as a biomarker for wheezing in the infant.

The Effect of COVID-19 Outbreak on the Mental Status of Health Care Professionals in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may affect the mental status of health care professionals. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the mental health effects of the COVID-19 epidemic on health care professionals in the pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Our study was conducted prospectively between 01.04.20 and 10.04.20. The created questionnaire was applied to health care professionals through online platforms. Thus it was involved in 5 different institutions that participated from different regions of Turkey. With the questionnaire, we applied; the participants' age, gender, the general status of contamination and the level of COVID-19 knowledge were questioned. Besides; Beck Anxiety Scale, Acute Stress Scale (PCL-5), STAI-1 and STAI-2 (State and Trait Anxiety Inventory 1-2) scales were used to determine the anxiety levels. RESULTS: A survey of 210 participants, 86 (41%) doctors, 124 (59%) nurses, were included in our study. When we evaluate the Beck anxiety levels, the majority of the participants (44%) were normal, while about one third had mild anxiety. When we evaluated the acute stress scale, all participants had a certain amount of stress levels. The majority (80 people each (38%)) experienced mild and moderate acute stress. Being female and having chronic disease poses a high risk for anxiety (OR, 0.330; 95% CI, 0.087-1.250, p<0.05 and OR, 0.246; 95% CI, 0.068-1.116, p<0.05), preoccupation (OR, 0.603; 95% CI 0.261-1.395, p<0.05 and OR, 0.433; 95% CI, 0.122-1.538, p<0.05) and acute stress (OR, 0.294; 95% CI, 0.033-2.649, p<0.05 and OR, 0.317; 95% CI 0.060-1.679, p<0.05). Professional definition, marital status and having a child do not pose any risk factors. CONCLUSION: Our study has shown that the COVID-19 outbreak affects the mental status of health care professionals working at PICU at various levels.