Potential value of a rapid syndromic multiplex PCR for the diagnosis of native and prosthetic joint infections: a real-world evidence study.

Introduction: The BIOFIRE Joint Infection (JI) Panel is a diagnostic tool that uses multiplex-PCR testing to detect microorganisms in synovial fluid specimens from patients suspected of having septic arthritis (SA) on native joints or prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Methods: A study was conducted across 34 clinical sites in 19 European and Middle Eastern countries from March 2021 to June 2022 to assess the effectiveness of the BIOFIRE JI Panel. Results: A total of 1527 samples were collected from patients suspected of SA or PJI, with an overall agreement of 88.4 % and 85 % respectively between the JI Panel and synovial fluid cultures (SFCs). The JI Panel detected more positive samples and microorganisms than SFC, with a notable difference on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Enterococcus faecalis, Kingella kingae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and anaerobic bacteria. The study found that the BIOFIRE JI Panel has a high utility in the real-world clinical setting for suspected SA and PJI, providing diagnostic results in approximately 1 h. The user experience was positive, implying a potential benefit of rapidity of results' turnover in optimising patient management strategies. Conclusion: The study suggests that the BIOFIRE JI Panel could potentially optimise patient management and antimicrobial therapy, thus highlighting its importance in the clinical setting.

An Evaluation of Difficulty in Emotion Regulation, Impulsivity, and Emotional Eating in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate difficulties in emotion regulation, emotional eating, and impulsivity in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 53 children who were diagnosed with T1DM, and a control group of 50 subjects. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-age Children-Present and Lifetime Version, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale- Short Form (DERS-16), Emotional Eating Scale-Child and Adolescent Form (EES-C), and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale 11-Short Form (BIS-11) were administered to the participants. RESULTS: In the T1DM group, the disease duration was a mean of 52.7 ± 40.62 months, and only 17% had good metabolic control. The rate of psychiatric disorder determined was significantly higher in the T1DM group (P = .001). No significant difference was determined between the 2 groups in respect of the DERS-16, EES-C, and BIS-11 total and subscale scores. However, in multivariate linear regression, the increase in BIS-11 total score was affected by increasing DERS impulse (ß = 0.475), decreasing age (ß = -0.209), and presence of T1DM (ß = 0.211). An increase in the DERS-16 total score was associated with the presence of psychiatric disorder (ß = -0.258) and an increase in BIS-11-A (the second scale assesses concentration problems) (ß = 0.317) score. In the T1DM group, the glycated hemoglobin level was lower in the group with insulin treatment with the injection method (8.2 ± 2.1%) than in those with the pump method (9.1 ± 1.5%) (P = .069). CONCLUSION: It is important that mental health professionals take an active role in all processes of the disease in order to protect the mental health of children with T1DM. Cite this article as: Yildiz Miniksar D, Öz B, Kiliç M, et al. An evaluation of difficulty in emotion regulation, impulsivity, and emotional eating in children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Turk Arch Pediatr. 2024;59(1):78-86.

Comparison of mothers of adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and mothers of healthy adolescents in terms of difficulty in emotion regulation, depression and anxiety levels and clinical variables.

BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to evaluate the difficulty in emotion regulation, depression and anxiety levels of mothers with a child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared to mothers of the non- T1DM control group. METHODS: Our study included 72 adolescents followed up with T1DM and 72 healthy adolescents and their mothers. Psychiatric evaluation of children was performed according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. All mothers were administered the `Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16)` and the `Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale (HAD)`. RESULTS: The most common psychiatric diagnoses in the T1DM group were attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and anxiety disorders. The total and subscale scores of the DERS-16 and HAD scales of the mothers in the T1DM group were significantly higher than the control group. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the DERS-16 total score and the HAD total and subscale scores of the mothers in the T1DM group. In the multivariate model found to be significant (p < 0.001), only HbA1c levels an indicator of metabolic control, had significant and negative effects on emotion regulation, anxiety and depression (p < 0.05), while sociodemographic characteristics did not have a significant effect (p > 0.05) Conclusions. Difficulty in emotion regulation and depression-anxiety levels were found to be higher in mothers of adolescents with T1DM compared to the control group. Difficulties in emotion regulation, depression and anxiety symptoms in the parent may reduce the treatment compliance of the adolescent with T1DM, which may result in worse metabolic control. Therefore, both adolescents and their parents should be evaluated in terms of psychiatric symptoms and necessary guidance should be given.

Relationship between insight level and clinical and familial features in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between insight level and clinical and familial psychiatric features of children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS: Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale-Symptom Checklist, 11th item of the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Revised Form, Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children Present and Lifetime Version 1.0, and Structured Diagnostic Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV Axis I Disorders were applied to 92 pediatric OCD patients. RESULTS: In this study, the prevalence of OCD in the first children of the family was high (41.3%), and low insight was significantly related with concomitant intellectual disability (p=0.003). The level of insight was high in patients with comorbid OCD spectrum disorders (p<0.001). Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was the most common psychiatric diagnosis accompanying OCD (19.5%). Among the obsession-compulsion subscales, the symmetry/hoarding was higher in males (p=0.046). OCD patients with a family history of major depressive disorder (MDD) had high ADHD comorbidity rates (p=0.038). In OCD patients, whose family had psychiatric disorders besides MDD and anxiety disorders, the diagnosis rate of intellectual disability was higher than other diagnoses (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The sociodemographic, clinical, and familial features of pediatric OCD patients cannot be adequately clarified if the patient has limited insight. Therefore, the insight of children with OCD should be considered a range or continuity.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTACHMENT AND SERUM OXYTOCIN AND HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN-70 LEVELS IN ADOLESCENTS OF PARENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND BIPOLAR DISORDER.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and oxytocin levels, attachment and perceived social support levels in adolescents with parental bipolar disorder (BD) and Schizophrenia (SCZ). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study included 9 adolescents with SCZ parents, 30 adolescents with BD parents and 31 healthy adolescents. Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Relationship Scale Questionnaire-Adolescent Form (RSQ-A) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were administered to all participants. In addition, serum HSP-70 and oxytocin levels were evaluated. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of attachment style, psychiatric symptoms and perceived social support. Serum HSP-70 levels were found to be lower in adolescents whose parents had BD. Serum oxytocin levels of the SCZ group were significantly lower than those of the BD group. CONCLUSIONS: HSP-70 level was found to be lower in adolescents with BD parents. Oxytocin level was found to be lower in adolescents with SCZ parents. These findings suggest that HSP-70 and oxytocin may be a marker of early life stress in adolescents with parental psychopathology. However, studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between attachment, oxytocin and HSP-70 in adolescents exposed to parental psychopathology in early life.

Evaluation of depression, anxiety symptoms, emotion regulation difficulties, and self-esteem in children and adolescents with obesity.

OBJECTIVE: Pediatric obesity negatively affects many areas of mental health, especially anxiety and depression. This study aimed to investigate the effects of obesity on anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and emotion regulation in children and adolescents. METHODS: Our study included 50 children and adolescents aged 11-17 years with a diagnosis of obesity and 48 control participants. The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale 1 (PHCSCS) were administered to all participants. RESULTS: A significant difference was found between the groups (p < 0.05) in the analysis of the PHCSCS and RCADS total score; the GAD, PD, SOC, and MDD subscale scores; the DERS total score; the Clarity, Impulse, Strategies, Goals subscale scores; and the RSE Self-Esteem subscale. A significant correlation was found between the PHCSCS, RCADS, DERS, and RSE total scores and some subscale scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: On the basis of the results, it was determined that children and adolescents with obesity had high levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, they had lower self-esteem, and had more difficulties in emotion regulation. Furthermore, those with anxiety and depression symptoms had lower self-esteem, and the children who had problems in emotion regulation also had lower self-esteem. Anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and difficulties in emotion regulation can negatively affect obesity treatment. Therefore, screening and treatment of these conditions are of great importance.

Evaluation of sleep habits, sleep chronotype, and quality of life in children with drug-resistant epilepsy in Turkey.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is a condition that affects sleep habits and the quality of life of children unfavorably. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship of sleep habits and sleep chronotype with the quality of life and behavioral problems in children with DRE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study, 2-11-year-old children, who were either healthy or diagnosed with DRE, were evaluated. A sociodemographic data form was filled out to evaluate the general characteristics of children. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and the Children's Chronotype Questionnaire (CCTQ) for sleep habits, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) for the quality of life, and the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) for behavioral problems were filled out through face-to-face interviews with parents. RESULTS: Thirty children with DRE and 31 healthy children were included in our study. Statistically significant differences were found in children with DRE compared to the control group in terms of the total and the subscale scores of CSHQ, including sleep onset delay, sleep duration, sleep anxiety, parasomnias, and sleep-disordered breathing (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of CCTQ total scores and sleep patterns (p > 0.05). Significant differences were found in PedsQL total and subscale scores, and ABC scores in children with DRE compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, PedsQL, and ABC scores were significantly correlated with each other in children with DRE. CONCLUSIONS: Our results have shown that sleep habits and the quality of life are poor in children with DRE. Our study has shown that sleep disturbances, quality of life, and behavioral problems are strongly associated with each other in DRE. The recognition and appropriate treatment of sleep disturbances are important for improving the quality of life in children with DRE.

A comparison of phenomenological, clinical and familial psychiatric features of pediatric OCD and trichotillomania.

OBJECTIVES: Although trichotillomania (TTM) is classified in the obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) chapter of the DSM-5, several studies showed that it has several differences. The aim of this study was to examine the phenomenology, comorbidity, and family psychiatric characteristisc of childhood TTM and OCD. METHODS: This study compared youth ages 6-17 years with a primary diagnosis of TTM (n = 63) to those with primary OCD (n = 65) on clinical and familial psychiatric characteristics. RESULTS: In our study, the findings showed that family history of schizophrenia (42.3%) was higher among patients with TTM than the OCD group, while the history of OCD (55.8%) in the family was significantly higher among the OCD group (p < 0.001). The behaviour of plucking eyebrows was significantly higher among patients with TTM comorbid OCD than patients with only trichotillomania. TTM patients with comorbid OCD had one-dimensional symptom distribution than the presence of the OCD-only group, and the severity of OCD was lower. The incidence of pathological doubting was higher among the TTM group with comorbid OCD, than those with only OCD diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support significant differences between OCD and TTM. Differences between OCD and TTM may reflect differences in underlying psychobiology, and may necessitate contrasting treatment approaches.KEYPOINTSWe aimed to compare the trichotillomania in itself and in the presence of OCD with the OCD group.Even if OCD accompanied trichotillomania, OCD symptom dimensions and severity were found to be lower than in the OCD-only group.Trichotillomania is a heterogeneous disorder with different dimensions besides the OCD spectrum.

Depression-Anxiety Symptoms and Stigma Perception in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

INTRODUCTION: In our study, the effect of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on the internalized stigma perception, symptoms of depression and anxiety and the quality of life is investigated in the mothers of children with this disorder. METHODS: Our research includes 69 patients who applied to Dicle University Medical School Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department polyclinic between April 20-December 25, 2017 and were followed-up at least 6 months with ASD diagnosis. Socio-demographic data form assessing the personal and familial characteristics of the patients were filled out by the clinician. Patients' mothers were applied Beck Depression Scale (BDS), Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS), Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) Scale and Autism Quality of Life Questionnaire - Parent Version (AQoLQPV). RESULTS: Of the 69 patients participated in the study, 58 patients were boys (84%) and 11 patients were girls (16%) and the mean age was 4,5±1,3 years. Perception of internalized stigma, depression and anxiety symptoms of the patients' mothers were detected as moderate. Patients' mothers' quality of life and life satisfaction score were found to be low. A significant positive relationship was found between the internalized stigma perception and the symptoms of anxiety and depression. A significant positive correlation was detected between the anxiety symptoms and the depression symptoms. A significant negative relationship was found between internalized stigma perception, symptoms of anxiety and depression and mother quality of life sub-scale, sub-scale of how the autism-specific challenges are perceived as problems by the parents and life satisfaction score. CONCLUSION: With this study it was detected that as the education level of the mothers of the children followed-up with autism diagnosis increased, their internalized stigma perception decreased. It was demonstrated that there was a significant positive relationship between the internalized stigma perception and the symptoms of anxiety and depression in mothers. It was also detected that as the mothers' internalized stigma perception increased, their quality of life decreased. Investigating the internalized stigma perception, symptoms of anxiety-depression and quality of life of the mothers of the children diagnosed with autism, our study emphasizes the necessity for handling these problems.