RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of Demirjian method in estimating the chronological age of male and female Jordanian children and to establish a new dental age curve if the Demirjian method was not found to be accurate. Methods: Orthopantomograms (OPTs) of 1374 Caucasian Jordanian children (684 females and 690 males) aged 4 to16 years were selected and the dental age was determined by Demirjian method. The chronological ages of the children were obtained by subtracting their birthdates from the date of taking the radiograph. The OPTs were obtained from Archives of Dental Teaching Clinics /XXX and other private orthodontic practices in Irbid and Amman. Results: Demirjian method overestimated chronological age in female and male subjects aged 4 to 8 years. Afterwards, the method underestimated chronological age in females aged 9-11 years and 14-16 years. In male subjects, chronological age was underestimated in subjects aged 9-12 years and 15-16 years. New the dental age curves for Jordanian females and males were constructed. The constants for the quadratic model for the new curves were (b0=-25.341, b1=17.557, b2=-0.623) for females and (b0=-29.809, b1=17.396, b2=-0.595) for males. Conclusion: Demirjian method overestimated the chronological age of Jordanians below the age of 8 years and underestimated the age of Jordanians above 8 years. A new DA standard for Jordanian children was developed and tested for accuracy.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a precisão do método Demirjian na estimativa da idade cronológica de crianças jordanianas do sexo masculino e feminino e estabelecer uma nova curva de idade dentária, se o método Demirjian não for acurado. Métodos: Foram selecionados radiografias panorâmicas (OPTs) de 1374 crianças jordanianas caucasianas (684 do sexo feminino e 690 do sexo masculino) com idades entre 4 e 16 anos, e a idade dentária foi determinada pelo método de Demirjian. As idades cronológicas das crianças foram obtidas subtraindo as datas de nascimento a partir da data da realização da radiografia. Os OPTs foram obtidos em Archives of Dental Teaching Clinics / XXX e outras clínicas ortodônticas particulares em Irbid e Amã. Resultados: O método Demirjian superestimou a idade cronológica em indivíduos do sexo feminino e masculino com idades entre 4 e 8 anos. Posteriormente, o método subestimou a idade cronológica em mulheres de 9 a 11 anos e 14 a 16 anos. Nos homens, a idade cronológica foi subestimada nos indivíduos de 9 a 12 anos e 15 a 16 anos. Novas curvas de idade dentária para mulheres e homens jordanianos foram construídas. As constantes para o modelo quadrático para as novas curvas foram (b0 = -25.341, b1 = 17.557, b2 = -0.623) para mulheres e (b0 = -29.809, b1 = 17.396, b2 = -0.595) para homens. Conclusão O método Demirjian superestimou a idade cronológica dos jordanianos abaixo de 8 anos e subestimou a idade dos jordanianos acima de 8 anos. Um novo padrão DA para crianças jordanianas foi desenvolvido e testado quanto à precisão.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: To explore the validity of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as one of many predictive tools that can be used (alone or in conjunction) to help in identifying high-risk cases of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that should get the earliest possible referral to a sleep specialist for standard diagnostic polysomnography, and to identify imaging airway parameters that may be predictive of OSA severity. METHODS: Using a case-control design, 45 subjects matched by age and sex (22 OSA cases and 23 controls) were included in this study. Subjects were assigned as cases depending on a sleep study with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)>5 and as controls depending on a Berlin questionnaire score identifying low risk or no risk of OSA. All subjects had CBCT scans. Airway and craniofacial parameters as assessed by CBCT were compared between the 2 groups. Significant CBCT variables were entered into a logistic regression model to identify risk factors of OSA and the correlations of variables with AHI were evaluated using multiple linear regression. For all tests P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: OSA cases had larger body mass index and neck circumference than controls. OSA cases showed significantly smaller airway narrowest cross-sectional areas (CSAs) (P < 0.05) and larger posterior nasal spine and the second cervical vertebrae distances (P < 0.001) than those in controls. Airway narrowest CSA showed a significant negative correlation with AHI (r = -0.653, P = 0.001) and was a significant variable for predicting the AHI of OSA cases in multiple regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The importance of the narrowest CSA and posterior nasal spine and the second cervical vertebrae distance in the pathogenesis of OSA has been highlighted in the present study. We can conclude that CBCT can provide findings that entail earlier referral of suspected patients with OSA for further assessment.