Validity of estimated aortic pulse wave velocity measured during the 6-min walk test to predict anaerobic fitness before major non-cardiac surgery.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of estimated preoperative aortic pulse wave velocity (AoPWV) to discriminate between low and high 6 min walk test (6MWT) distance in patients awaiting major non-cardiac surgery. METHODS: Prospective observational study in 133 patients undergoing non cardiac surgery. AoPWV and the distance walked during a 6MWT were assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine two different AoPWV cut-points for predicting a distance of 427 m in the 6MWT. We also calculated lower and upper AoPWV cut-points (probability ≥ 0.75) for predicting a distance of < 427 m, ≥427 m, and also 563 m in the 6MWT. RESULTS: The ROC curve analysis for the < 427 m distance revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.68 (95% confidence interval 0.56-0.79) and an AUC of 0.72 (95% confidence interval 0.61-0.83) for >563 m. Patients with AoPWV > 10.97 m/s should be considered high risk, while those with <9.42 m/s can be considered low risk. CONCLUSIONS: AoPWV is a simple, non-invasive, useful clinical tool for identifying and stratifying patients awaiting major non-cardiac surgery. In situations of clinical uncertainty, additional measures should be taken to assess the risk.

Intraoperative goal-directed hemodynamic therapy through fluid administration to optimize the stroke volume: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical impact of optimizing stroke volume (SV) through fluid administration as part of goal-directed hemodynamic therapy (GDHT) in adult patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and was registered in the PROSPERO database in January 2024. The intervention was defined as intraoperative GDHT based on the optimization or maximization of SV through fluid challenges, or by using dynamic indices of fluid responsiveness, including stroke volume variation, pulse pressure variation, and plethysmography variation index compared to usual fluid management. The primary outcome was postoperative complications. Secondary outcome variables included postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), length of stay (LOS), intraoperative fluid administration, and 30-day mortality. RESULTS: A total of 29 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria. There were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative complications (RR 0.89; 95% CI, 0.78-1.00), postoperative AKI (OR 0.97; (95% IC, 0.55-1.70), and mortality (OR 0.80; 95% CI, 0.50-1.29). GDHT was associated with a reduced LOS compared to usual care (SMD: -0.17 [-0.32; -0.03]). The subgroup in which hydroxyethyl starch was used for hemodynamic optimization was associated with fewer complications (RR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65-0.94), whereas the subgroup of patients in whom crystalloids were used was associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications (RR 1.08; 95% CI, 1.04-1.12). CONCLUSIONS: In adults undergoing major surgery, goal-directed hemodynamic therapy focused on fluid-based stroke volume optimization did not reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Recommendations of the Pre-anaesthesia Teleconsultation Task Force.

The main objectives of the pre-anaesthesia consultation are to establish the patient's anaesthesia and surgical risk, evaluate and optimize their health status, provide the patient with information and preoperative recommendations, and fulfil the legally established bureaucratic obligations. The incorporation of information technologies - e-Health - has maximised the efficiency of pre-anaesthesia assessments and provided patients with an added benefit. The SEDAR Task Force has developed a digital framework as an alternative to the conventional pre-anaesthesia assessment process, and has put forward a series of policies and technical recommendations for the incorporation of different types of pre-anaesthesia teleconsultation services in hospital anaesthesiology departments. We also put forward an evaluation tool that includes several quality indicators on which to base continuous improvements in healthcare.

Pre-anaesthesia assessment in cataract surgery: Recommendations from the SEDAR Working Group.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Cataract surgery is one of the most common procedures in outpatient surgery units. The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in clinical practice and the advent of new health scenarios, such as the Covid pandemic, have driven the development of pre-anaesthesia assessment models that free up resources to improve access to cataract surgery without sacrificing patient safety. The approach to cataract surgery varies considerably among public, subsidised and private hospitals. This raises the need for guidelines to standardise patient assessment, pre-operative tests, management of background medication, patient information and informed consent. RESULTS: In this document, the SEDAR Clinical Management Division together with the Major Outpatient Surgery Division SEDAR Working Group put forward a series of consensus recommendations on pre-anaesthesia testing based on the use of ITCs, health questionnaires, patient information and informed consent supervised and evaluated by an anaesthesiologist. CONCLUSIONS: This consensus document will effectivise pre-anaesthesia assessment in cataract surgery while maintaining the highest standards of quality, safety and legality.

Guía de la Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor (SEDAR), Sociedad Española de Medicina de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES) y Sociedad Española de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello (SEORL-CCC) para el manejo de la vía aérea difícil. Parte I

The Airway Management section of the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Pain Therapy (SEDAR), the Spanish Society of Emergency Medicine (SEMES), and the Spanish Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (SEORL-CCC) present the Guide for the comprehensive management of difficult airway in adult patients. Its principles are focused on the human factors, cognitive processes for decision-making in critical situations, and optimization in the progression of strategies application to preserve adequate alveolar oxygenation in order to enhance safety and the quality of care. The document provides evidence-based recommendations, theoretical-educational tools, and implementation tools, mainly cognitive aids, applicable to airway management in the fields of anesthesiology, critical care, emergencies, and prehospital medicine. For this purpose, an extensive literature search was conducted following PRISMA-R guidelines and was analyzed using the GRADE methodology. Recommendations were formulated according to the GRADE methodology. Recommendations for sections with low-quality evidence were based on expert opinion through consensus reached via a Delphi questionnaire.

Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Pain Therapy (SEDAR), Spanish Society of Emergency and Emergency Medicine (SEMES) and Spanish Society of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (SEORL-CCC) Guideline for difficult airway management. Part I.

The Airway Management section of the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Pain Therapy (SEDAR), the Spanish Society of Emergency Medicine (SEMES), and the Spanish Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (SEORL-CCC) present the Guide for the comprehensive management of difficult airway in adult patients. Its principles are focused on the human factors, cognitive processes for decision-making in critical situations, and optimization in the progression of strategies application to preserve adequate alveolar oxygenation in order to enhance safety and the quality of care. The document provides evidence-based recommendations, theoretical-educational tools, and implementation tools, mainly cognitive aids, applicable to airway management in the fields of anesthesiology, critical care, emergencies, and prehospital medicine. For this purpose, an extensive literature search was conducted following PRISMA-R guidelines and was analyzed using the GRADE methodology. Recommendations were formulated according to the GRADE methodology. Recommendations for sections with low-quality evidence were based on expert opinion through consensus reached via a Delphi questionnaire.

Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Pain Therapy (SEDAR), Spanish Society of Emergency and Emergency Medicine (SEMES) and Spanish Society of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (SEORL-CCC) Guideline for difficult airway management. Part II.

The Airway Management section of the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Pain Therapy (SEDAR), the Spanish Society of Emergency Medicine (SEMES), and the Spanish Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (SEORL-CCC) present the Guide for the comprehensive management of difficult airway in adult patients. Its principles are focused on the human factors, cognitive processes for decision-making in critical situations, and optimization in the progression of strategies application to preserve adequate alveolar oxygenation in order to enhance safety and the quality of care. The document provides evidence-based recommendations, theoretical-educational tools, and implementation tools, mainly cognitive aids, applicable to airway management in the fields of anesthesiology, critical care, emergencies, and prehospital medicine. For this purpose, an extensive literature search was conducted following PRISMA-R guidelines and was analyzed using the GRADE methodology. Recommendations were formulated according to the GRADE methodology. Recommendations for sections with low-quality evidence were based on expert opinion through consensus reached via a Delphi questionnaire.

Perioperative neuromuscular blockade. 2020 update of the SEDAR (Sociedad Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación) recommendations.

We present an update of the 2020 Recommendations on neuromuscular blockade of the SEDAR. The previous ones dated 2009. A modified Delphi consensus analysis (experts, working group, and previous extensive bibliographic revision) 10 recommendations were produced1: neuromuscular blocking agents were recommended for endotracheal intubation and to avoid faringo-laryngeal and tracheal lesions, including critical care patients.2 We recommend not to use neuromuscular blocking agents for routine insertion of supraglotic airway devices, and to use it only in cases of airway obstruction or endotracheal intubation through the device.3 We recommend to use a rapid action neuromuscular blocking agent with an hypnotic in rapid sequence induction of anesthesia.4 We recommend profound neuromuscular block in laparoscopic surgery.5 We recommend quantitative monitoring of neuromuscular blockade during the whole surgical procedure, provided neuromuscular blocking agents have been used.6 We recommend quantitative monitoring through ulnar nerve stimulation and response evaluation of the adductor pollicis brevis, acceleromyography being the clinical standard.7 We recommend a recovery of neuromuscular block of at least TOFr ≥ 0.9 to avoid postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade.8 We recommend drug reversal of neuromuscular block at the end of general anesthetic, before extubation, provided a TOFr ≥ 0.9 has not been reached.9 We recommend to choose anticholinesterases for neuromuscular block reversal only if TOF≥2 and a TOFr ≥ 0.9 has not been attained.10 We recommend to choose sugammadex instead of anticholinesterases for reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced with rocuronium.

Association between preoperative baseline pulse pressure and estimated pulse wave velocity and acute renal failure and mortality following colorectal surgery. A single-centre observational study.

BACKGROUND: Elevated pulse wave velocity is a haemodynamic parameter considered to be a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular alterations, while pulse pressure is a predictor of cardiovascular complications and development of acute renal failure after both cardiac and non-cardiac surgery. Our objective was to determine whether baseline pulse pressure and estimated pulse wave velocity are associated with renal failure and 30-day mortality following colorectal surgery. METHODS: Retrospective observational study. A total of 816 adult patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery were evaluated by performing multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine whether baseline pulse pressure and estimated pulse wave velocity were independently associated with complications, specifically renal failure and 30-day postoperative mortality, and whether pulse pressure and estimated pulse wave velocity thresholds correlated with outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline pulse pressure was 56.00 mmHg (45.00;68.00) and estimated pulse wave velocity was 13.16 m/s (10.76;14.85). Baseline pulse pressure was not associated with acute renal failure or mortality in the univariate model. Baseline estimated pulse wave velocity was not associated with complications, acute renal failure, or mortality. An estimated pulse wave velocity of 13.78 m/s significantly predicted acute renal failure (AUC 0.654 [0.588-0.720]) and mortality (AUC 0.698 [0.600-0.796]). CONCLUSIONS: Neither pulse pressure nor preoperative baseline estimated pulse wave velocity were associated with acute renal failure or postoperative mortality. The preoperative estimated pulse wave velocity threshold of 13.78 m/s predicted an increased risk of acute renal failure and postoperative mortality.

Intraoperative crystalloid utilization variability and association with postoperative outcomes: A post hoc analysis of two multicenter prospective cohort studies.

BACKGROUND: The optimal regimen for intravenous administration of intraoperative fluids remains unclear. Our goal was to analyze intraoperative crystalloid volume administration practices and their association with postoperative outcomes. METHODS: We extracted clinical data from two multicenter observational studies including adult patients undergoing colorectal surgery and total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA). We analyzed the distribution of intraoperative fluid administration. Regression was performed using a general linear model to determine factors predictive of fluid administration. Patient outcomes and intraoperative crystalloid utilization were summarized for each surgical cohort. Regression models were developed to evaluate associations of high or low intraoperative crystalloid with the likelihood of increased postoperative complications, mainly acute kidney injury (AKI) and hospital length of stay (LOS). RESULTS: 7580 patients were included. The average adjusted intraoperative crystalloid infusion rate across all surgeries was to 7.9 (SD 4) mL/kg/h. The regression model strongly favored the type of surgery over other patient predictors. We found that high fluid volume was associated with 40% greater odds ratio (OR 1.40; 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.95, p = 0.044) of postoperative complications in patients undergoing THA, while we found no associations for the other types of surgeries, AKI and LOS CONCLUSIONS: A wide variability was observed in intraoperative crystalloid volume administration; however, this did not affect postoperative outcomes.

Association between preoperative baseline pulse pressure and estimated pulse wave velocity and acute renal failure and mortality following colorectal surgery. A single-centre observational study. / Asociación entre la presión de pulso y la velocidad onda pulso estimada basal preoperatoria con las complicaciones postoperatorias, insuficiencia renal aguda y mortalidad tras cirugía colorrectal. Estudio unicéntrico observacional.

BACKGROUND: Elevated pulse wave velocity is a haemodynamic parameter considered to be a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular alterations, while pulse pressure is a predictor of cardiovascular complications and development of acute renal failure after both cardiac and non-cardiac surgery. Our objective was to determine whether baseline pulse pressure and estimated pulse wave velocity are associated with renal failure and 30-day mortality following colorectal surgery. METHODS: Retrospective observational study. A total of 816 adult patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery were evaluated by performing multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine whether baseline pulse pressure and estimated pulse wave velocity were independently associated with complications, specifically renal failure and 30-day postoperative mortality, and whether pulse pressure and estimated pulse wave velocity thresholds correlated with outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline pulse pressure was 56.00mmHg (45.00;68.00) and estimated pulse wave velocity was 13.16m/s (10.76;14.85). Baseline pulse pressure was not associated with acute renal failure or mortality in the univariate model. Baseline estimated pulse wave velocity was not associated with complications, acute renal failure, or mortality. An estimated pulse wave velocity of 13.78m/s significantly predicted acute renal failure (AUC 0.654 [0.588-0.720]) and mortality (AUC 0.698 [0.600-0.796]). CONCLUSIONS: Neither pulse pressure nor preoperative baseline estimated pulse wave velocity were associated with acute renal failure or postoperative mortality. The preoperative estimated pulse wave velocity threshold of 13.78m/s predicted an increased risk of acute renal failure and postoperative mortality.

Postoperative Outcomes Within an Enhanced Recovery after surgery protocol in gastric surgery for cancer (POWER.4): Study protocol for a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study. / Auditoría nacional de complicaciones después de la cirugía gástrica por cáncer dentro o no de un protocolo de recuperación intensificada (POWER.4): Protocolo de un estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, observacional de cohortes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Enhanced recovery pathways or ERAS have been applied in gastric cancer surgery extrapolated from colorectal surgery. The objective of the study is to assess postoperative complications 30 days after gastric surgery for cancer, with any level of compliance with the ERAS protocol. The secondary objectives are to assess 30-day mortality, the relationship between adherence to the ERAS protocol and complications, the impact of each of the items of the protocol on postoperative complications and hospital stay, and to describe the impact of complications on length of hospital stay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multicenter, observational, prospective study including all consecutive patients undergoing scheduled gastric cancer surgery, over a period of 3 months, with a 30-day follow-up at participating centers, with any level of compliance with the protocol. RESULTS: The approval of the Comité Autonómico de Ética de la Investigación de Aragón has been obtained (C.P. - C.I. PI19 / 106, 27 th March 2019). POWER.4 was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov on March 7, 2019 (NCT03865810). CONCLUSIONS: The data as a whole will be published in peer-reviewed journals. The data will not be made public by identifying each participating center. It is expected that the results of this study will identify potential areas for improvement in which more targeted research is needed.

Keys to optimizing operating room efficiency. / Claves para optimizar la eficiencia de un bloque quirúrgico.

Healthcare is in constant transformation. Health systems should focus on improving efficiency to meet a growing demand for high-quality, low-cost health care. The operating room is one of the biggest sources of revenue and one of the largest areas of expense. Therefore, operating room management is a critical key to success. The aim of this article is to analyze the current principles of organization, optimization and clinical management of the operating room and its impact on the quality and safety of care.

Clinical practice guideline. Unintentional perioperative hypothermia. / Guía de práctica clínica de hipotermia perioperatoria no intencionada.

The importance of the safety of our patients in the surgical theatre, has driven many projects. The majority of them aimed at better control and clinical performance; mainly of the variables that intervene or modulate the results of surgical procedures, and have a direct relationship with them. The Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Therapeutic Pain (SEDAR), maintains a constant concern for a variable that clearly determines the outcomes of our clinical processes, "unintentional hypothermia" that develops in all patients undergoing an anesthetic or surgical procedure. SEDAR has promoted, in collaboration with other scientific Societies and patient Associations, the elaboration of this clinical practice guideline, which aims to answer clinical questions not yet resolved and for which, up to now, there are no documents based in the best scientific evidence available. With GRADE methodology and technical assistance from the Ibero-American Cochrane Collaboration office, this clinical practice guideline presents three recommendations (weak in favor) for active heating methods for the prevention of hypothermia (skin, fluid or gas); three for the prioritization of strategies for the prevention of hypothermia (too weak in favor and one strongly in favor); two of preheating strategies prior to anesthetic induction (both weak in favor); and two for research.