Fasting Ghrelin and Postprandial GLP-1 Levels in Patients With Morbid Obesity and Medical Comorbidities After Sleeve Gastrectomy and One-anastomosis Gastric Bypass: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) are among the commonly performed bariatric procedures. This randomized study aimed to compare SG and OAGB in terms of weight loss, improvement in comorbidities, and change in serum ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective randomized trial on patients with morbid obesity associated with medical comorbidities who were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 equal groups; group I underwent SG and group II underwent OAGB. Outcome measures were percent of excess weight loss (%EWL), improvement in comorbidities, change in the venous levels of fasting ghrelin and postprandial GLP-1 at 12 months after surgery, in addition to operation time and complications. RESULTS: Forty patients (38 female) of a mean age of 33.8 years and mean body mass index of 48.6 kg/m2 were included. Operation time in group II was significantly longer than in group I (86 vs. 52.87 min; P<0.001). There were 6 recorded complications (1 in group I and 5 in group II, P=0.18). The %EWL, %total weight loss, and %excess body mass index loss at 6 and 12 months postoperatively were significantly higher in group II than in group I. Both groups had similar rates of improvement in comorbidities. Group I had significantly lower ghrelin and GLP-1 levels postoperatively at 6 and 12 months, respectively, as compared with group II. CONCLUSIONS: OAGB was associated with significantly higher EWL than SG. The reduction in fasting ghrelin and postprandial GLP-1 serum levels at 12 months after SG was significantly higher than that after OAGB.

Helicobacter pylori, Sleeve Gastrectomy, and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease; Is there a Relation?

PURPOSE: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is an effective bariatric procedure, yet can be associated with complications as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in SG specimens, its relation with GERD, and its impact on postoperative outcomes. METHODS: All SG specimens received in the pathology laboratory were reviewed. The prevalence of H. pylori in SG specimens was recorded. Patients with H. pylori infection who received triple therapy were compared with patients without H pylori in terms of baseline characteristics, preoperative GERD and its outcome postoperatively, development of new-onset GERD, staple line complications, and weight loss. RESULTS: The records of 176 patients were reviewed; 69 (39.2%) were positively tested on H. pylori infection. Patients with H. pylori had higher body mass index (BMI) (RR = 1.51), greater incidence of preoperative GERD (RR = 1.67), and complained more of dyspepsia (RR = 1.87). Eradication of H. pylori was achieved in 67 (97.1%) of 69 patients. Postoperative improvement in GERD symptoms (44.4% Vs 19%, p = 0.036) and dyspepsia (85.7% Vs 51.7%, p = 0.007) was higher in patients with H. pylori with confirmed eradication of infection than patients without H. pylori. Both groups had similar operation time, postoperative BMI, excess weight loss, staple line complications, and new-onset GERD. CONCLUSIONS: More than one-third of patients with morbid obesity had H. pylori infection. Morbidly obese patients with H. pylori infection may be more prone to develop GERD symptoms; yet after eradication of the infection, they may also experience better improvement in symptoms after SG.

Laparoscopic Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal (SASI) Bypass for Patients With Morbid Obesity: Technical Description and Short-term Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Morbid obesity has been recognized as a public health crisis, particularly in developed countries. Single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass has been introduced as a novel bariatric and metabolic procedure. The present study aimed to describe the technical steps and assess the short-term outcomes of SASI bypass in patients with super morbid obesity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Adult patients of both sexes with body mass index (BMI) ≥50 kg/m underwent SASI bypass and were followed for 12 months postoperatively. Changes in BMI, excess weight loss (EWL), and improvement in comorbidities were recorded on follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty patients (17 female) of the mean age of 35.4 years were included in the study. The mean preoperative BMI (53.7±5.9) showed a significant decrease at 6 months (39.9±5.2) and then at 12 months (33.6±6) postoperatively. The mean %EWL was 44.3±7.8 at 6 months and 65.2±12.6 at 12 months. All patients with diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, and reflux esophagitis showed resolution at 12 months after the SASI bypass. Complications were recorded in 2 patients and no mortality was reported. CONCLUSIONS: SASI bypass is an effective and safe bariatric procedure that confers significant loss of weight and improvement in medical comorbidities. As compared with previous studies on patients with lower BMI, patients with super morbid obesity attained lower %EWL but similar resolution of diabetes mellitus at 12 months after SASI bypass.

Single-Anastomosis Plication Ileal Bypass (SAPI) in Treatment of Morbid Obesity.

BACKGROUND: This report aimed to demonstrate the technical steps and preliminary outcome of a novel bariatric procedure, the single-anastomosis plication ileal bypass (SAPI), for the treatment of morbid obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Totally, 5 female patients with morbid obesity underwent SAPI procedure. The procedure consisted of 2 steps; the first step involved greater curvature plication done in a standardized manner, and the second step involved performing a stapled side-to-side anastomosis between an ileal loop 300 cm distal to the duodenojejunal junction and the gastric antrum. Body mass index (BMI) and percentage excess weight loss (%EWL) at 4 months postoperatively were measured. RESULTS: The median age of patients was 38 years. The mean preoperative BMI decreased from 47.3±7.1 kg/m to 36.3±6.1 at 4 months, postoperatively. The mean %EWL at 4 months after SAPI was 51.5±10.8. The mean operation time was 66±5.47 minutes. The median hospital stay was one day. No postoperative complications were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the small numbers included, the preliminary results of this report show that SAPI is a promising bariatric procedure that achieved significant decrease in BMI and satisfactory excess weight loss. Long-term follow-up of larger number of patients is necessary to reach more firm conclusions on the efficacy and safety of this novel technique.