RESUMO
The use of functional foods' phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of different cancer diseases has become one of the hot scientific areas in the clinical nutrition field. For instance, the Khalas palm cultivar (KPC; Phoenix dactylifera) is one of the natural sustainable resources that have high bioactivity and functionality. This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative activity and mode of action of KPC's different parts on prostate (Pc3) and pancreatic (panc1) cancer cells at a molecular level. In the methods, KPC's leaves, seeds, and fruits' chemical composition and phytochemical analysis were analyzed. Also, the cytotoxic effects of each extract were assessed against pc3 and panc1 cell lines. Besides, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, and gene expression of both Cap3 and Cap9 were studied. The obtained results indicated that KPC leaves extract exhibited the highest significant (P < 0.01) anti-proliferation activity against the utilized cancer cell lines compared to fruits and seeds extracts. Also, there were significant (P < 0.05) differences in the phenolic contents, flavonoid of compounds, and antioxidant power of the leaves when compared to the seeds and fruits. Additionally, the highest cytotoxic effect (lowest IC50) was recorded with leave extract than seeds and fruits. Meanwhile, the seeds extract induced (P < 0.05) the apoptosis and arrested cells in the G2/M phase as well as up-regulated the gene expression of the apoptotic-related genes (Casp3 and Casp9) compared to the control group. In conclusion, this study showed that the presence of bioactive components in the KPC different parts extracts have the significant ability to induce the apoptotic pathway that could down-regulate the proliferation of prostate (pc3) and pancreatic (panc1) cancer cells. The pathway mechanism of action was induced by the phytol molecule presented in its leaves extract.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the effect of various disinfectants on several contaminated prosthetic and surface-covering materials. METHODS: The efficacy of 6 disinfectants used at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, on prosthetic and surface-covering materials, irreversible hydrocolloid and elastomer impression materials, wax, acrylic resin, metal, bench-covering material, and floor carpet. These materials were contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Counts of viable bacteria on the materials was determined by incubated replica plating on blood agar plates at 5 minute intervals. A 3 way non parametric analysis of variance was used to evaluate the main effects and interactions of the disinfectants, bacteria, and materials. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed that material, type of disinfectant, and interactions between material and bacteria were significant. Carpet has a significantly higher bacterial count than many other items (P < 0.0001) such as acrylic resin, irreversible hydrocolloid, chrome-cobalt casting, and laminated bench surfaces. CONCLUSION: Quaternary ammonia compound and the tertiary ammonia phenol were the most effective disinfectants. Efficacy of the disinfectant depends partly on the bacteria used for contamination. Carpets in dental clinics showed high potential to retain microorganisms.
